The present invention relates to a production system for manufacturing of formulations, comprising a unit (1). The unit (1) includes a subunit (1.1) which includes a combination of a process mixer and a buffer tank, means of feeding defined amounts of feedstocks into the process mixer, a measurement unit for ascertaining properties of a part-batch of a formulation manufactured in the process mixer, an evaluation unit for determining a deviation of properties of the part-batches manufactured in the process mixer from the properties of a predefined target state, and a unit for adjusting the feed of feedstocks in view of the deviations. The present invention also relates to a process for manufacturing formulations.

A method is taught for maintaining a fluid within a tank. In this method an upper data acquisition device is operated which is capable of obtaining at least one characteristic of the fluid in a tank adjacent to the upper data acquisition device. A lower data acquisition device is also operated which is situated below the upper data acquisition device, capable of obtaining at least one characteristic of the fluid in the tank adjacent to the lower data acquisition device. A data analyzer is then utilized which is capable transmitting a data packet to the intermittent mixer. The method then automatically turns on the intermittent mixer from the data received from the data packet. Afterwards, the method automatically turns off the intermittent mixer from the data received from the data packet resulting in the at least one characteristic from the upper data acquisition device is within specifications of the at least one characteristic from the lower data acquisition device. In this method the intermittent mixer is capable of altering the fluid within the tank so that the at least one characteristic is consistent throughout the tank.

A mixing system is configured to mix and discharge a paste. The mixing system includes a base-medium subsystem that provides a base fluid-medium. The mixing system further includes an additive-medium subsystem that provides one or more additive fluid-mediums. The mixing system further includes a density-reducing medium subsystem that provides a density-reducing medium.

An apparatus for controlling blending of a gas mixture containing known components, including first, second, and third control valves for controlling the flow of first, second, and third components, respectively, a first gas density sensor to measure the density of a first mixture of the first and second components, a second gas density sensor to measure the density of a second mixture of the first mixture and the third component, and a controller to determine based on data from the first and second gas density sensors the relative compositions of the first, second, and third components in the second mixture, and to control the first, second, and third control valves to obtain a desired relative composition of the first, second, and third components in the second mixture.

A method may include: determining a total dissolved solids (TDS) concentration of a water source; correlating the TDS concentration to an ion concentration; and selecting at least one friction reducing polymer for a hydraulic fracturing operation based at least in part on the ion concentration.

A mixing system is configured to mix and discharge a paste. The mixing system includes a base-medium subsystem that provides a base fluid-medium. The mixing system further includes an additive-medium subsystem that provides one or more additive fluid-mediums. The mixing system further includes a density-reducing medium subsystem that provides a density-reducing medium.

Embodiments include systems and methods of in-line mixing of hydrocarbon liquids from a plurality of tanks into a single pipeline. According to an embodiment, a method of admixing hydrocarbon liquids from a plurality of tanks into a single pipeline to provide in-line mixing thereof includes determining a ratio of a second fluid flow to a first fluid flow based on signals received from a tank flow meter in fluid communication with the second fluid flow and a booster flow meter in fluid communication with a blended fluid flow. The blended fluid flow includes a blended flow of the first fluid flow and the second fluid flow. The method further includes comparing the determined ratio to a pre-selected set point ratio thereby to determine a modified flow of the second fluid flow to drive the ratio toward the pre-selected set point ratio. The method further includes controlling a variable speed drive connected to a pump thereby to control the second fluid flow through the pump based on the determined modified flow, the pump being in fluid communication with the second fluid flow.

An apparatus for measuring the composition of a gas mixture containing known components, including a first gas density sensor configured and arranged to measure the density of a first mixture made by combining a gaseous first component and a gaseous second component; a second gas density sensor configured and arranged to measure the density of a second mixture made by combining the first mixture with a gaseous third component; and a processor programmed to determined based on data from the first gas density sensor the relative compositions of the first component and the second component in the first mixture, and to determine based on the data from the second gas density sensor the relative compositions of the first mixture and the third component in the second mixture, and thus to determine the relative compositions of the first component, the second component, and the third component in the second mixture.

Manufactures, methods and apparatus are provided through which in some implementations a structural cellular lightweight concrete comprises a concrete mixture that is no more than 65% by volume of the manufacture of structural cellular lightweight concrete, the concrete mixture including concrete conforming to the requirements of ASTM C33; foam that has a density of at least 5 lbs/ft.sup.3, having high stability characteristics, and having a closed cell bubble structure; mix water being potable and free of contamination or deleterious materials; and Portland cement conforming to ASTM C150, the Portland cement being Type I, Type III or White Portland cement, and at least 35% air by volume of the manufacture of structural cellular lightweight concrete.

An aerated wax application assembly comprises a meltable wax applicator, one or more meltable wax delivery conduits having a first end coupled to the meltable wax inlet of the meltable wax applicator and a second end positioned proximate a meltable wax holding tank, and an air injection system positioned upstream from the meltable wax applicator and configured to inject air into the meltable wax and generate the aerated meltable wax upstream of the inlet of the meltable wax applicator. A method of applying an aerated meltable wax onto an object comprises injecting air into a meltable wax such that it forms an aerated meltable wax, delivering the aerated wax through one or more meltable wax delivery conduits to a meltable wax applicator, and contacting at least one exposed surface of the object with the aerated wax when dispensing the aerated meltable wax from an outlet of the meltable wax applicator.