A process for producing syngas from pre-treated recovery plastic polymers comprising:

a) gasifying said recovery pre-treated polymers according to the following reaction scheme R1:

[—CH.sub.2—]+H.sub.2O═CO+2H.sub.2;  R1:

b) hydrogenating said pre-treated polymers to higher hydrocarbons and methane by using hydrogen produced in R1, according to the following reaction scheme R3:

[—CH.sub.2—].sub.n+H.sub.2═C.sub.nH.sub.(2n+2)  R3:

wherein n is an integer of from 1 to 3, said reaction being optionally combined with oligomers and olefin formation reactions;
c) steam reforming of methane according to the following reaction scheme R4:

CH.sub.4+H.sub.2O═CO+3H.sub.2;  R4:

and optionally
d) reforming reaction of methane according to the following reaction scheme R5:

CH.sub.4+CO.sub.2=2CO+2H.sub.2;  R5:

said process being carried out in a plant (10), (20), (30), (40), (50) comprising a gasification section (11), (21), (31), (41), (51) and a reforming section (12), (22), (32), (42), (52) comprising a tube bundle (13), (23), (33), (43), (53) provided with a catalyst wherein,
i) said gasification (11), (21), (31) and reforming sections (12),(22), (32) are part of a sole reactive unit (10), (20), (30), or said gasification (41), (51) and reforming section (42), (52) are two physically distinct reactive units (40), (50),
ii) the gasification section (11), (21) or the reactive unit (41) provides respectively the energetical support to the reforming section (12), (22) or to the reforming reactive unit (42), thanks to the exothermic combustion reaction scheme R2:

[—CH.sub.2-]+1.5O.sub.2═CO.sub.2+H.sub.2O;  R2:

or in alternative: the reforming section (

Heat exchanger-reformer for use in a hydrogen production plant for producing syngas, for instance by means of a steam methane reforming method, wherein the reformer comprises vessel with a first inlet for supplying feed and a second inlet for supplying hot reformer effluent, preferably coming from a main steam methane reformer, wherein the heat exchanger-reformer further comprises a heat exchanging section that is arranged in fluid connection with the first and second inlets for exchanging heat between the feed and reformer effluent to effectuate steam reforming of hydrocarbon to produce syngas, wherein the heat exchanging section comprises a plate heat exchanger assembly for heat exchange between said feed and said reformer effluent.

Provided herein is a method for producing methyl pentenone (MPO) in high yield in a continuous mode in a fixed bed reactor having a plurality of sidewall injecting ports by reacting excess methyl ethyl ketone (MEK) with acetaldehyde in presence of a cation exchange resin catalyst, wherein the acetaldehyde is injected from the plurality of sidewall injecting ports of the reactor. The method is also effective in reducing the complete consumption of the catalyst during the course of the reaction.

Provided is a reactor that is capable of suppressing deformation and damage of catalyst grains due to contraction of a reaction tube after thermal expansion thereof. A reactor includes: a reaction tube A aligned in an up-down direction and having, in a bottom section thereof, a catalyst supporter receiving packed catalyst grains and allowing a processed gas to flow therethrough; and a burning unit configured to heat an outer face of the reaction tube A. The reaction tube A has a cylindrical catalyst support face U that is in contact with the catalyst grains in the reaction tube A and that have, in the up-down direction, a plurality of engaging recesses each capable of receiving a portion of the catalyst grain in contact with the catalyst support face in such a manner that the portion of the catalyst grain is fitted into the engaging recess.

Methods of heating a reactor system by providing electrical energy are described. A reactor system comprising at least one reactor tube having a catalyst disposed therein and comprises at least one electrically conductive surface is heated by providing electrical energy to the at least one electrically conductive surface on the reactor tube and adjusting a current level of the electrical energy provided to the at least one electrically conductive surface to control the temperature of the reactor tube and the catalyst disposed therein. The reactor tube may be electrically isolated from other electrically conductive components of the reactor system.

A reactor includes a reactor vessel and one or more reaction tubes A number of tube sections of the one or more reaction tubes in each case run between a first region and a second region in the reactor vessel. For the electrical heating of the tube sections, the tube sections in the first region can be electrically connected to (a) current connection(s) of a current source. In the first region, current feed arrangements are provided; in each case one or in each case one group of the tube sections are electrically connected, and each comprise (a) contact passage(s) that in each case adjoin(s) at least one of the tube sections in the first region. A wall of the contact passages in each case is connected to a current feed element that has a rod-shaped section that runs at a wall passage through a wall of the reactor vessel.

A reactor for carrying out a chemical reaction, which has a reactor vessel and one or more reaction tubes, wherein power input elements for electrical heating of the reaction tube(s) are guided into the reactor vessel. It is provided that the power input elements each have a rod-shaped section that, in each case, runs at a wall passage through a wall of the reactor vessel in such a way that a connection chamber into which the rod-shaped sections project is arranged outside the reactor vessel and adjacently to the wall of the reactor vessel through which the rod-shaped sections run at their wall passages, and that cooling panels through which a cooling fluid can flow are provided in the connection chamber and are arranged between at least two or between at least two groups of the rod-shaped sections that project into the connection chamber.

The invention relates to a process for producing phosgene by gas phase reaction of carbon monoxide and chlorine in the presence of a catalyst in a reactor that comprises a plurality of contact tubes arranged parallel to one another, which contact tubes are filled with the catalyst and around which at least one fluid heat transfer medium flows, a feed stream of a mixture of a chlorine input stream and a carbon monoxide input stream being conducted into the contact tubes and reacted to form a phosgene-containing product gas mixture, characterised in that the product gas mixture is discharged from the contact tubes at an outlet end of the contact tubes. The method according to the invention is characterised in that the gas phase reaction is carried out in the reactor such that the position of the highest temperature in a contact tube (hot spot) moves along the longitudinal axis of the contact tube at a predetermined rate of migration, the hot spot having a rate of migration in the longitudinal direction of the contact tubes which is in the range of 1 to 50 mm per day. The invention also relates to a reactor for carrying out the process.

A system and method for oxidative dehydrogenation including a first reactor having a first ODH catalyst to dehydrogenate an alkane to a corresponding alkene at a first temperature and facilitate generation of steam, a second reactor having a second ODH catalyst to dehydrogenate alkane in a first-reactor effluent to the corresponding alkene at a second temperature that may be greater than the first temperature and facilitate generation of steam, and a third reactor having a third ODH catalyst to dehydrogenate alkane in a second-reactor effluent to the corresponding alkene at a third temperature that may be greater than the first temperature or the second temperature and facilitate generation of steam.

A fixed-bed multi-tubular reactor for producing an alkenyl acetate by a gas phase catalytic oxidation reaction of a lower olefin, acetic acid and oxygen including a plurality of reaction tubes, a thermometer protection tube inserted into at least one of the plurality of reaction tubes, a thermometer inserted into the thermometer protection tube, and a shield disposed above the reaction tube into which the thermometer protection tube is inserted and attached to the thermometer protection tube, wherein an effective projection region of the shield entirely covers the inlet opening of the reaction tube into which the thermometer protection tube is inserted.