A preparation method of a polyurethane resin including the following steps is provided. A liquid polyamine compound is placed in a continuous reaction system, and the liquid polyamine compound is circulated in the continuous reaction system. A solid bis(cyclic carbonate) and a solid catalyst are placed in the continuous reaction system to mix the solid bis(cyclic carbonate), solid catalyst, and liquid polyamine compound to form a heterogeneous mixture. The heterogeneous mixture is heated in the continuous reaction system in a microwave manner, such that the heterogeneous mixture reacts to form a polyurethane resin.

The invention refers to a flow-promoting device (100; 100; 100) for performing a biological or chemical transformation, or physical or chemical trapping from, or release of agents to, a fluidic medium. The flow-promoting device (100; 100; 100) comprises a ferromagnetic material (5) and a retaining structure (1; 1; 1), the retaining structure having a compartment (9; 9) defined by a permeable material (11; 11). The retaining structure (1; 1; 1) comprises a top wall (3; 3) and a circumferential side wall (4; 4), wherein the top wall (3; 3) and the circumferential side wall (4; 4) is formed mainly by said permeable material (11; 11). The compartment (9; 9) of the retaining structure (1; 1; 1) is arranged to contain at least one fluid-permeable solid reaction member.

The invention refers to a flow-promoting device (100; 100; 100) for performing a biological or chemical transformation, or physical or chemical trapping from, or release of agents to, a fluidic medium. The flow-promoting device (100; 100; 100) comprises a ferromagnetic material (5) and a retaining structure (1; 1; 1), the retaining structure having a compartment (9; 9) defined by a permeable material (11; 11). The retaining structure (1; 1; 1) comprises a top wall (3; 3) and a circumferential side wall (4; 4), wherein the top wall (3; 3) and the circumferential side wall (4; 4) is formed mainly by said permeable material (11; 11). The compartment (9; 9) of the retaining structure (1; 1; 1) is arranged to contain at least one fluid-permeable solid reaction member.

A universal chemical processor (UCP) including a reactor vessel having a central longitudinal axis and main chamber comprises a first inlet port for a main feedstock, a second inlet port for a fluidizing medium and a third inlet port for one or more reactants. The UCP also includes a reactive radioactive chemical processor (R.sup.2CP) that contains a radioactive element positioned extending along the longitudinal axis in the main chamber. In operation, a fluidized bed can be supported in the main chamber when a fluidizing medium and feedstock are supplied to the main chamber through the first and second inlet ports and the radioactive element of the R.sup.2CP emits ionizing radiation that is capable of ionizing feedstock and reactants, inducing chemical reactions, and sterilizing and decomposing any organic materials within a radiation zone.

A universal chemical processor (UCP) including a reactor vessel having a central longitudinal axis and main chamber comprises a first inlet port for a main feedstock, a second inlet port for a fluidizing medium and a third inlet port for one or more reactants. The UCP also includes a reactive radioactive chemical processor (R.sup.2CP) that contains a radioactive element positioned extending along the longitudinal axis in the main chamber. In operation, a fluidized bed can be supported in the main chamber when a fluidizing medium and feedstock are supplied to the main chamber through the first and second inlet ports and the radioactive element of the R.sup.2CP emits ionizing radiation that is capable of ionizing feedstock and reactants, inducing chemical reactions, and sterilizing and decomposing any organic materials within a radiation zone.

The present invention utilizes a high-speed intensive mixer in a fluidizing-type, solid-phase, neutralization reactor to blend solid-state alkali hydroxide with any humic acid sources. The final product is a dry humic acid salt. The purpose of this innovative method is to eliminate a series of complicated unit operations commonly employed by the traditional process. These removed steps may include dissolving caustic soda, mixing in a paste-like formation, extrusion, granulation, drying, and grinding, etc. The invention contributes to a simplified flowsheet, resulting in sharply reduced equipment investment, plant space, and labor and energy costs. All of these factors coupled with increased productivity will drastically lower the overall production cost. Also, the reduction of dust pollution will greatly minimize the impact in environmental protection and safety issues.

The present invention utilizes a high-speed intensive mixer in a fluidizing-type, solid-phase, neutralization reactor to blend solid-state alkali hydroxide with any humic acid sources. The final product is a dry humic acid salt. The purpose of this innovative method is to eliminate a series of complicated unit operations commonly employed by the traditional process. These removed steps may include dissolving caustic soda, mixing in a paste-like formation, extrusion, granulation, drying, and grinding, etc. The invention contributes to a simplified flowsheet, resulting in sharply reduced equipment investment, plant space, and labor and energy costs. All of these factors coupled with increased productivity will drastically lower the overall production cost. Also, the reduction of dust pollution will greatly minimize the impact in environmental protection and safety issues.

Systems and methods for pyrolysis using an induction source of energy. A system can include: a reaction chamber, the reaction chamber having a cylindrical shape, the reaction chamber containing a catalyst; a fluidization plate connected to a first end of the reaction chamber; a gas input receiver connected to the fluidization plate; and a mechanism connected to a second end of the reaction chamber, wherein, during operation of the system: hydrocarbon gas is received at the gas input receiver; the input gas is forced through the fluidization plate; the fluidized gas mixes with the catalyst, resulting in at least one catalyzed molecule; the at least one catalyzed molecule undergo pyrolysis, resulting in at least two cracked elements; and the at least two cracked elements are removed from the system via the at least one output mechanism.

The disclosure relates to a process to perform an endothermic steam reforming of hydrocarbons, said process comprising the steps of providing a fluidized bed reactor comprising at least two electrodes and a bed comprising particles, wherein the particles are put in a fluidized state to obtain a fluidized bed; heating the fluidized bed to a temperature ranging from 500? C. to 1200? C. by passing an electric current through the fluidized bed to conduct the endothermic reaction. The process is remarkable in that the particles of the bed comprise electrically conductive particles and particles of a catalytic composition, wherein at least 10 wt. % of the particles are electrically conductive particles and have a resistivity ranging from 0.001 to 500 Ohm.Math.cm at 800? C. and in that the step of heating the fluidized bed is performed by passing an electric current through the fluidized bed.

The disclosure relates to a process to perform an endothermic steam reforming of hydrocarbons, said process comprising the steps of providing a fluidized bed reactor comprising at least two electrodes and a bed comprising particles, wherein the particles are put in a fluidized state to obtain a fluidized bed; heating the fluidized bed to a temperature ranging from 500? C. to 1200? C. by passing an electric current through the fluidized bed to conduct the endothermic reaction. The process is remarkable in that the particles of the bed comprise electrically conductive particles and particles of a catalytic composition, wherein at least 10 wt. % of the particles are electrically conductive particles and have a resistivity ranging from 0.001 to 500 Ohm.Math.cm at 800? C. and in that the step of heating the fluidized bed is performed by passing an electric current through the fluidized bed.