The present disclosure relates to electroless plating process for preparing microcapsules comprising an ionic shell encapsulating a fluid core. Platinum nanoparticles are used as the catalyst for the electroless plating process and are found in the fluid core. The ionic shell is comprised of inorganic salts, such as salts of alkaline earth metals. In particular electroless plating of calcium phosphate shell on to fluid cores, polymer encapsulated fluid cores and gel cores are disclosed.

The present disclosure relates to electroless plating process for preparing microcapsules comprising an ionic shell encapsulating a fluid core. Platinum nanoparticles are used as the catalyst for the electroless plating process and are found in the fluid core. The ionic shell is comprised of inorganic salts, such as salts of alkaline earth metals. In particular electroless plating of calcium phosphate shell on to fluid cores, polymer encapsulated fluid cores and gel cores are disclosed.

In one aspect of the invention, a microcapsule includes a film encapsulating a material. The film is formed by complexation of at least two mutually attractive components initially present in an aqueous dispersion comprising a continuous phase and a dispersed phase. The at least one first component is initially present in the continuous phase and the at least one second component is initially present in the dispersed phase. According to another aspect of the invention, provided is a process for forming microcapsules including the step of injecting a dispersed phase having at least a first component into a continuous phase having at least a second component, where the first component and the second component are mutually attractive, such that a film is formed by complexation of the first charged component and the second charged component.

In one aspect of the invention, a microcapsule includes a film encapsulating a material. The film is formed by complexation of at least two mutually attractive components initially present in an aqueous dispersion comprising a continuous phase and a dispersed phase. The at least one first component is initially present in the continuous phase and the at least one second component is initially present in the dispersed phase. According to another aspect of the invention, provided is a process for forming microcapsules including the step of injecting a dispersed phase having at least a first component into a continuous phase having at least a second component, where the first component and the second component are mutually attractive, such that a film is formed by complexation of the first charged component and the second charged component.

A microcapsule, method, and article of manufacture are disclosed. The microcapsule includes an outer shell, a molecular sensitizer, a molecular annihilator, and an inner shell separating the molecular sensitizer from the molecular annihilator. The method includes forming microcapsules, each microcapsule having an outer shell, a molecular sensitizer, a molecular annihilator, and an inner shell separating the molecular sensitizer from the molecular annihilator. The article of manufacture includes at least one of the microcapsules.

An emulsion comprising a continuous aqueous phase and a dispersed fatty phase in the form of drops, or conversely, wherein the drops comprise a shell formed of at least one anionic polymer comprising at least one carboxylic acid function and at least one cationic polymer comprising at least two amine functional groups, wherein the quantity of amine functional groups provided by the cationic polymer in the fatty phase is between 0.2 μmol and 10.5 μmol per gram of fatty phase.

An emulsion comprising a continuous aqueous phase and a dispersed fatty phase in the form of drops, or conversely, wherein the drops comprise a shell formed of at least one anionic polymer comprising at least one carboxylic acid function and at least one cationic polymer comprising at least two amine functional groups, wherein the quantity of amine functional groups provided by the cationic polymer in the fatty phase is between 0.2 μmol and 10.5 μmol per gram of fatty phase.

Microparticles comprising carboxylated, sulfated, or phosphated cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) and pigment nanoparticles are provided. In these particles, the cellulose nanocrystals and the pigment nanoparticles are agglomerated together thereby forming said microparticle, and wherein the pigment nanoparticles are bound to the surface of the cellulose nanocrystals. Cosmetic preparations comprising these microparticles are also provided. Finally, a method for producing the microparticles is provided. The method comprises the steps of a) producing an aqueous suspension of carboxylated, sulfated, or phosphated CNCs with pigment nanoparticles bound thereto; and b) drying said aqueous suspension to produce the microparticles.

An industrially scalable microcapsule, fiber or film forming process and formulations suitable for use in conventional spray drying systems are provided. The one-step spray drying process utilizes formulations of a first ionic polymer, a second ionic polymer with an isoelectric point (pI.sub.2) or acid dissociation constant (pKa.sub.2) that is greater than the isoelectric point (pI.sub.1) or acid dissociation constant (pKa.sub.1) of the first ionic polymer and a volatile base or volatile acid. Volatilization of the volatile base or acid of the spray formulation changes the pH of the solution and changes the charge of the second ionic polymer initiating electrostatic interactions with the first ionic polymer through complex coacervation. Microcapsules formed by the complex coacervation process can stabilize bioactive components as well as control the release of the bioactive components for a variety of applications.

An industrially scalable microcapsule, fiber or film forming process and formulations suitable for use in conventional spray drying systems are provided. The one-step spray drying process utilizes formulations of a first ionic polymer, a second ionic polymer with an isoelectric point (pI.sub.2) or acid dissociation constant (pKa.sub.2) that is greater than the isoelectric point (pI.sub.1) or acid dissociation constant (pKa.sub.1) of the first ionic polymer and a volatile base or volatile acid. Volatilization of the volatile base or acid of the spray formulation changes the pH of the solution and changes the charge of the second ionic polymer initiating electrostatic interactions with the first ionic polymer through complex coacervation. Microcapsules formed by the complex coacervation process can stabilize bioactive components as well as control the release of the bioactive components for a variety of applications.