Provided is a removable tattoo ink that is composed of colored micro-particles that create permanent tissue markings, such as tattoos. The micro-particles include an inner core housing a bio-absorbable chromophore and an outer shell, which includes polystyrene sulfonate and polyallylamine hydrochloride and is designed for rupture with ultrasonic energy. The micro-particles can be implanted in the tissue of a subject, for example to create a tattoo and ruptured in situ by the application of ultrasonic energy to remove the tattoo. Also provided are methods of making the colored micro-particles.

A method of fabricating a nanoshell is disclosed. The method comprises coating a nanometric core made of a first material by a second material, to form a core-shell nanostructure and applying non-chemical treatment to the core-shell nanostructure so as to at least partially remove the nanometric core, thereby fabricating a nanoshell. The disclosed nanoshell can be used in the fabrication of transistors, optical devices (such as CCD and CMOS sensors), memory devices and energy storage devices.

Particulate material comprising rough mesoporous hollow nanoparticles. The rough mesoporous hollow nanoparticles may comprise a mesoporous shell, the external surface of which has projections thereon, the projections having smaller sizes than the particle size. The particulate material may be used to deliver active agents, such as insecticides and pesticides. The active agents can enter into the hollow core of the particles and be protected from degradation by sunlight. The rough surface of the particles retains the particles on plant leaves or animal hair. Methods for forming the particles are also described. Carbon particles and methods for forming carbon particles are also described.

The present invention provides an improved process for lipid nanoparticle formulation and mRNA encapsulation. In some embodiments, the present invention provides a process of encapsulating messenger RNA (mRNA) in lipid nanoparticles comprising a step of mixing a suspension of preformed lipid nanoparticles and mRNA.

Hollow particles which comprise a resin-containing shell and a hollow portion surrounded by the shell, wherein a void ratio is 50% or more; wherein the shell contains, as the resin, a polymer in which 60 to 100 parts by mass of a crosslinkable monomer unit is contained in 100 parts by mass of all monomer units; wherein the hollow particles have at least one kind of reactive group selected from a hydroxy group and an amino group on a surface thereof and the hydroxyl value is 0.20 mmol/g or more or the amine value is 0.20 mmol/g or more, or wherein the hollow particles have at least one kind of reactive group selected from the group consisting of a carboxy group, a carboxylic anhydride group and a sulfo group on a surface thereof and the acid value is 0.20 mmol/g or more.

A reloadable microcapsule contains a microcapsule core and a microcapsule wall encapsulating the microcapsule core. The microcapsule core contains a hydrophobic core solvent and a hydrophilic core solvent, and the microcapsule wall, formed of an encapsulating polymer, is permeable to the hydrophilic core solvent. Also disclosed are methods of preparing the reloadable microcapsule and consumer products having the microcapsules.

A method for destroying pathogens is disclosed. The method includes forming anionic polymer encapsulants (CAPs) including ingredients in a plasma reaction chamber (PRC). The ingredients include at least one of: a) one or more essential oils; and b) an energy amplifying liquid. The method includes creating plasma discharges in the plasma reaction chamber, in response to a pulsed electromagnetic energy field, and forming cold plasma by discharging dielectric barrier plasma discharges from the plasma reaction chamber into a fluid medium having pathogens dispersed therein.

Hollow particles which comprise a shell containing a resin and a hollow portion surrounded by the shell, wherein a void ratio is 50% or more; wherein a volume average particle diameter is 1.0 m or more; wherein the shell contains, as the resin, a polymer in which 70 parts by mass to 100 parts by mass of a crosslinkable monomer unit is contained in 100 parts by mass of all monomer units; wherein a thermal expansion coefficient at 80 C. to 200 C. is 10.010.sup.5/ C. or less; and wherein, in a hollow particle immersion test in which a mixture obtained by adding 0.1 mg of the hollow particles to 4 mL of acetone and shaking them for 10 minutes at a shaking rate of 100 rpm, is left to stand for 48 hours in an environment at 25 C., less than 10% by mass of the hollow particles submerge in the acetone.

Carbohydrate functionalized catanionic vesicles that include a glycoconjugate and/or peptidoconjugate for vaccination or drug delivery, methods for forming these, and methods of using these.

There is provided a core-shell particle having pores extending through its shell and a plurality of polymers that are bonded to the outer surface of the shell, wherein the polymers are comprised of repeating monomer units of formula (1): [Formula should be inserted here] wherein the substituents are as defined herein. There is also provided a method of synthesizing the core-shell particle and use of the core-shell particle as a delivery agent.

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