Disclosed is a method and a device for purification and desulfurization of liquid hydrocarbons, which, compared to sodium dispersion desulfurizing processes like already been disclosed, open up additional fields of application and greatly improves economy and achievable results.

An object is to provide a novel flow reactor capable of measuring the internal temperature. The flow reactor including a tubular reaction line, wherein the flow reactor further includes an internal temperature measurement unit provided at one or more location of the tubular reaction line, the internal temperature measurement unit includes a thermometer with a temperature sensor, and the temperature sensor is inserted into the tubular reaction line.

A process for the preparation of ethylene homopolymers or copolymers in a facility having a high-pressure tubular reactor and a preheater, wherein a reaction fluid introduced into the reactor at a reactor inlet is heated in the preheater and the average velocity of the reaction fluid in the preheater is lower than the average velocity of the reaction fluid in the tubular reactor and the ratio of the average velocity in the tubular reactor to the average velocity of the reaction fluid in the preheater is in the range from 1.5 to 5.

A reactor and process for the production of bio-diesel. The reactor includes one or more coiled reaction lines. The lines are positioned within a tank containing a heat transfer media such as molten salt, maintained at about 750 F. A pump circulates the media within the tank. An emulsion of alcohol; refined feed stock, including glycerides and/or fatty acids; and preferably water is pumped through the reaction lines at temperatures and pressures sufficient to maintain the alcohol in a super-critical state. The curvature of the coils, pump pulsing, and the flow rate of the emulsion keep the emulsion in a turbulent state while in the reactor, ensuring thorough mixing of the alcohol and feed stock. The alcohol reacts with the glycerides and fatty acids to form bio-diesel. The reaction is fast, efficient with regard to energy input and waste generation, and requires minimal alcohol.

A Fenton apparatus of the present disclosure includes a reactor vessel, gas injection inlets that allow ejection of aeration coolant perpendicular to axis of the reactor vessel to agitate a reaction composition present in the reactor vessel under vortex conditions, a jacket cooling loop encasing the reactor vessel to allow circulation of a jacket coolant selected from a group consisting of forced air, nitrogen gas, and water, a coil cooling loop coiling around the reactor vessel to allow circulation of a coil coolant selected from a group consisting of forced air, nitrogen gas, water, and carbon dioxide. Multiple programmable solenoid valves are provided to individually control injection of the aeration coolant, the jacket coolant, and the coil coolant. A controller is provided to communicate with a temperature sensor and each programmable solenoid valve.

The present invention relates to processes and apparatus useful for (fast) ionic polymerisation of liquid monomer(s) containing reaction mixture for the production of the corresponding polymer(s).

A flow reactor system and methods having tubing useful as polymerization chamber. The flow reactor has at least one inlet and at least one mixing chamber, and an outlet. The method includes providing two phases, an aqueous phase and a non-aqueous phase and forming an emulsion for introduction into the flow reactor.

A laminar stream reactor for the production of hydrochar of a solid-fluid mixture of water and a carbon-containing component, wherein the solid-fluid mixture is treated at a temperature of 100-300° C. and a pressure of 5-70 bar, consists of tubular reactor units of largely vertical holding sections (1,3) and direction-changing diverters (2,4). The holding sections are thereby flown through slower by the solid-fluid mixture than the remaining tube distances, as they have larger diameters.

A reactor and process for the production of bio-diesel. The reactor includes one or more coiled reaction lines. The lines are positioned within a tank containing a heat transfer media such as molten salt, maintained at about 750F. A pump circulates the media within the tank. An emulsion of alcohol; refined feed stock, including glycerides and/or fatty acids; and preferably water is pumped through the reaction lines at temperatures and pressures sufficient to maintain the alcohol in a super-critical state. The curvature of the coils, pump pulsing, and the flow rate of the emulsion keep the emulsion in a turbulent state while in the reactor, ensuring thorough mixing of the alcohol and feed stock. The alcohol reacts with the glycerides and fatty acids to form bio-diesel. The reaction is fast, efficient with regard to energy input and waste generation, and requires minimal alcohol.

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a flow reactor that can ensure safety even if leakage occurs at the connections of the lines. The flow reactor of the present invention is characterized by including one or more line structures, each of the line structures including a raw material feeding line, a reactor unit to react a raw material fed from the raw material feeding line, and a discharge line to discharge a reaction product produced in the reactor unit, wherein the flow reactor includes a vessel in which part or all of the reactor unit and a fluid are accommodated to be capable of being in contact with each other, wherein each of the line structures includes two or more attachable and detachable connections, and wherein at least one of the attachable and detachable connections is accommodated in the vessel.