The present invention aims to provide a method by which fluorine-containing sulfide compounds, particularly sulfide compounds that contain hydrogen and fluorine, can be produced in a simple, low-cost and industrial manner. Provided is a method of producing a fluorine-containing sulfide compound represented by the following formula (2):
(F).sub.n-A.sup.3-S-A.sup.4-(F).sub.m  (2)
(wherein A.sup.3 and A.sup.4 are independently an optionally substituted hydrocarbyl group with a carbon number of 1 to 3; n and m represent the numbers of fluorine atoms binding to A.sup.3 and A.sup.4, with n+m=1 to 13 being satisfied), comprising reacting a chlorine-containing sulfide compound represented by the following formula (1):
(Cl).sub.n-A.sup.1-S-A.sup.2-(Cl).sub.m  (1)
(wherein A.sup.1 and A.sup.2 are independently an optionally substituted hydrocarbyl group with a carbon number of 1 to 3; n and m represent the numbers of chlorine atoms binding to A.sup.1 and A.sup.2, with n+m=1 to 13 being satisfied) and a fluorinating agent.

Methods and systems for treating volatile organic compounds (VOCs) generated in a hydrocarbon treating process are disclosed. An effluent stream containing the VOCs, as well as carbon dioxide (CO.sub.2) is combined with hot exhaust gas from a turbine and provided to a waste heat recovery unit (WHRU). The WHRU is adapted to contain a catalyst bed containing oxidation catalyst capable of effecting the oxidation of the VOCs. The temperature of the catalyzing reaction can be tailored based on the position of the catalyst bed within the temperature gradient of the WHRU. The methods and systems described herein solve the problem of effecting the removal of VOCs from the effluent. Heating the CO.sub.2-containing effluent in the WHRU also lend buoyancy to the effluent, thereby facilitating its dispersal upon release.

Methods and systems for treating volatile organic compounds (VOCs) generated in a hydrocarbon treating process are disclosed. An effluent stream containing the VOCs, as well as carbon dioxide (CO.sub.2) is combined with hot exhaust gas from a turbine and provided to a waste heat recovery unit (WHRU). The WHRU is adapted to contain a catalyst bed containing oxidation catalyst capable of effecting the oxidation of the VOCs. The temperature of the catalyzing reaction can be tailored based on the position of the catalyst bed within the temperature gradient of the WHRU. The methods and systems described herein solve the problem of effecting the removal of VOCs from the effluent. Heating the CO.sub.2-containing effluent in the WHRU also lend buoyancy to the effluent, thereby facilitating its dispersal upon release.

Processes for converting a hydrocarbon reactant into an alcohol compound and/or a carbonyl compound are disclosed in which the hydrocarbon reactant and either a supported chromium (VI) catalyst or a supported chromium (II) catalyst are contacted, optionally with UV-visible light irradiation, followed by exposure to an oxidizing atmosphere and then hydrolysis to form a reaction product containing the alcohol compound and/or the carbonyl compound. The presence of oxygen significant increases the amount of alcohol/carbonyl product formed, as well as the formation of oxygenated dimers and trimers of certain hydrocarbon reactants.

Processes for converting a hydrocarbon reactant into an alcohol compound and/or a carbonyl compound are disclosed in which the hydrocarbon reactant and either a supported chromium (VI) catalyst or a supported chromium (II) catalyst are contacted, optionally with UV-visible light irradiation, followed by exposure to an oxidizing atmosphere and then hydrolysis to form a reaction product containing the alcohol compound and/or the carbonyl compound. The presence of oxygen significant increases the amount of alcohol/carbonyl product formed, as well as the formation of oxygenated dimers and trimers of certain hydrocarbon reactants.

The present disclosure provides a method for co-production of hydrofluorocarbons, which includes the steps of: preheating a mixture of chlorinated olefin and hydrogen fluoride; transferring the mixture to the top of a reactor; simultaneously introducing 1,1,1,2,3,3-hexafluoropropene and dichloromethane to the middle of the reactor for reaction; dividing the reactor into three to six sections; filling each section with a catalyst; obtaining reaction products at an outlet of the reactor; and separating the reaction products to obtain various hydrofluorocarbon products, respectively. The present disclosure has the advantages of a high yield, an optimal selectivity and a low energy consumption.

The present disclosure provides a method for co-production of hydrofluorocarbons, which includes the steps of: preheating a mixture of chlorinated olefin and hydrogen fluoride; transferring the mixture to the top of a reactor; simultaneously introducing 1,1,1,2,3,3-hexafluoropropene and dichloromethane to the middle of the reactor for reaction; dividing the reactor into three to six sections; filling each section with a catalyst; obtaining reaction products at an outlet of the reactor; and separating the reaction products to obtain various hydrofluorocarbon products, respectively. The present disclosure has the advantages of a high yield, an optimal selectivity and a low energy consumption.

Disclosed are a catalyst for preparing hydrocarbons from carbon dioxide by one-step hydrogenation and a method for preparing same. The catalyst includes nano-metal oxides and hierarchical zeolites, where the mass fraction of the nano-metal oxides in the catalyst is 10%-90%, and the mass fraction of the hierarchical zeolites in the catalyst is 10%-90%. The catalyst has excellent catalytic performance, good reaction stability and high selectivity for desired products, and in the hydrocarbons, C.sub.2.sup.=-C.sub.4.sup.= reach up to 80%, C.sub.5+ reach up to 80%, and aromatics reach up to 65%.

Disclosed are a catalyst for preparing hydrocarbons from carbon dioxide by one-step hydrogenation and a method for preparing same. The catalyst includes nano-metal oxides and hierarchical zeolites, where the mass fraction of the nano-metal oxides in the catalyst is 10%-90%, and the mass fraction of the hierarchical zeolites in the catalyst is 10%-90%. The catalyst has excellent catalytic performance, good reaction stability and high selectivity for desired products, and in the hydrocarbons, C.sub.2.sup.=-C.sub.4.sup.= reach up to 80%, C.sub.5+ reach up to 80%, and aromatics reach up to 65%.

Processes for producing an activated chromium catalyst are disclosed, and these processes comprise contacting a supported chromium catalyst with a gas stream containing from 25-60 vol % oxygen at a peak activation temperature of 550-900° C. to produce the activated chromium catalyst. The linear velocity of the gas stream is 0.18-0.4 ft/sec, and the oxygen linear velocity of the gas stream is 0.05-0.15 ft/sec. The resultant activated chromium catalyst and an optional co-catalyst can be contacted with an olefin monomer and an optional olefin comonomer in a polymerization reactor system under polymerization conditions to produce an olefin polymer.