The invention relates to a process for methanol synthesis comprising the steps of providing a syngas feed stream comprising hydrogen and a mixture of carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide, wherein carbon dioxide represents from 1 to 50 mol % of the total molar content of the feed stream, carbon monoxide is contained from 0.1 to 85 mol % of the total molar content, and H.sub.2 is comprised from 5 to 95 mol % of the total molar content of the feed stream; providing an indium oxide catalyst selected from a bulk catalyst and a supported catalyst comprising indium oxide (In.sub.2O.sub.3) as the main active phase; putting in contact said stream with said catalyst at a reaction temperature of at least 373 K (99.85 C.) and under a pressure ranging of at least 1 MPa; and recovering the methanol effluents. The invention also relates to an indium oxide based catalyst.

Disclosed is a method for preparing a material of plant origin rich in phenolic acids, including at least one metal, including: preparing a material of plant origin chosen from: aquatic plants; materials rich in tannins; materials rich in lignin; and obtaining a material of plant origin, rich in phenolic acids, in which the ratio of the intensity of the vibration band of the CO bond of the COOH group and the intensity of each of the vibration bands the aromatic ring determined in FT-IR is between 0.5 and 4. The material of plant origin is brought into contact with an effluent including from 0.1 to 1000 mg/l of at least one metal, thus obtaining a material of plant origin rich in phenolic acids including from 1 to 30% by weight of at least one metal relative to the total weight of the material.

Disclosed is a method for preparing a material of plant origin rich in phenolic acids, including at least one metal, including: preparing a material of plant origin chosen from: aquatic plants; materials rich in tannins; materials rich in lignin; and obtaining a material of plant origin, rich in phenolic acids, in which the ratio of the intensity of the vibration band of the CO bond of the COOH group and the intensity of each of the vibration bands the aromatic ring determined in FT-IR is between 0.5 and 4. The material of plant origin is brought into contact with an effluent including from 0.1 to 1000 mg/l of at least one metal, thus obtaining a material of plant origin rich in phenolic acids including from 1 to 30% by weight of at least one metal relative to the total weight of the material.

The invention discloses a method for co-operating low-carbon foaming agents, comprising: preheating 1,1,1,3,3-pentachloropropane and hydrogen fluoride and then introducing into a reactor to have a reaction in the presence of a catalyst to obtain a reaction product, and separating and purifying to obtain the following low-carbon foaming agent products: trans-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene, cis-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene, 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluoropropane, trans-1-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene, cis-1-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene. The invention has the advantages of simple process, environmental friendliness, high production efficiency and low cost.

Disclosed is a method for preparing a solid material including manganese, the method including the following steps: a. bringing into contact an aqueous effluent including manganese, for example at least 5 mg/L, typically at least 5 to 50 mg/L, and preferably 7 to 25 mg/L of manganese, with an oxidizing agent, manganese, preferably at a temperature between 10 C. and 50 C., and obtaining an oxidized aqueous solution; b. adding a base to the oxidized aqueous solution obtained at the end of step a) until a pH of between 8 and 12, preferably greater than 9, and preferably from 9 to 10.5, and obtaining a solution including a precipitate; c. filtration of the solution obtained at the end of step b); and d. obtaining a solid material including manganese, and especially manganese (IV) and/or Mn (III).

Disclosed is a method for co-producing various alkenyl halides and hydrofluoroalkanes: cis-1-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene is introduced into a first reactor to carry out an isomerization reaction in the presence of a first catalyst, and the reaction product is rectified to obtain a product trans-1-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene; and 30-70 wt % of trans-1-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene and hydrogen fluoride are mixed and then introduced into a second reactor to carry out a reaction in the presence of a second catalyst to obtain a second reactor reaction product; the second reactor reaction product is introduced into a phase separator for separation, and the obtained organic phase is rectified to obtain the products trans-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene, cis-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene and 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluoropropane. The invention has the advantages of simple process, high efficiency, high operation flexibility, less investment and low energy consumption.

Disclosed is a method for co-producing various alkenyl halides and hydrofluoroalkanes: cis-1-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene is introduced into a first reactor to carry out an isomerization reaction in the presence of a first catalyst, and the reaction product is rectified to obtain a product trans-1-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene; and 30-70 wt % of trans-1-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene and hydrogen fluoride are mixed and then introduced into a second reactor to carry out a reaction in the presence of a second catalyst to obtain a second reactor reaction product; the second reactor reaction product is introduced into a phase separator for separation, and the obtained organic phase is rectified to obtain the products trans-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene, cis-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene and 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluoropropane. The invention has the advantages of simple process, high efficiency, high operation flexibility, less investment and low energy consumption.

An oxygen generator has a composition for generating oxygen and an acidic compound and/or a basic compound. The composition for generating oxygen includes an oxygen source, an ionic liquid, a metal oxide compound and/or a metal salt, and optionally a basic compound. The oxygen source is a peroxide compound, the ionic liquid is in the liquid state at least in a temperature range from 10 C. to +50 C., the metal oxide compound is an oxide of a single metal or of two or more different metals selected from the metals of groups 2 to 14 of the periodic table of the elements. The metal salt has a single metal or two or more different metals, and an organic and/or an inorganic anion. There is also described a method for controlling the oxygen production rate of the oxygen generator, and a device for generating oxygen in a controlled manner.

An oxygen generator has a composition for generating oxygen and an acidic compound and/or a basic compound. The composition for generating oxygen includes an oxygen source, an ionic liquid, a metal oxide compound and/or a metal salt, and optionally a basic compound. The oxygen source is a peroxide compound, the ionic liquid is in the liquid state at least in a temperature range from 10 C. to +50 C., the metal oxide compound is an oxide of a single metal or of two or more different metals selected from the metals of groups 2 to 14 of the periodic table of the elements. The metal salt has a single metal or two or more different metals, and an organic and/or an inorganic anion. There is also described a method for controlling the oxygen production rate of the oxygen generator, and a device for generating oxygen in a controlled manner.

Systems and methods of dehydrogenating a hydrocarbon in a fixed bed dehydrogenation unit. A method for dehydrogenating a hydrocarbon is applied to a fixed bed reactor. The hydrocarbon flows to a fixed bed reactor to be dehydrogenated in presence of a catalyst in the fixed bed reactor. The catalyst in the fixed bed reactor is then regenerated. The period for dehydrogenation, the period for catalyst regeneration and the period for total slack time are controlled such that total slack time is less than both half of the period for dehydrogenation and half of the period for regeneration. One of the advantages of the process comes from optimization of the slack time, thereby increasing the catalyst utilization rate and number of reactors concurrently online.