An emission control device for a vehicle, which includes an open cell carbon foam substrate having a geometric surface area of at least about 5000 m.sup.2/m.sup.3, wherein the substrate has a catalytic metal.

A catalysis substrate, which includes an open cell carbon foam substrate having a geometric surface area of at least about 5000 m.sup.2/m.sup.3, wherein the substrate includes a catalytic metal.

A catalysis substrate, which includes an open cell carbon foam substrate having a geometric surface area of at least about 5000 m.sup.2/m.sup.3, wherein the substrate includes a catalytic metal.

Redox catalysts having surface medication, methods of making redox catalysts with surface modification, and uses of the surface modified redox catalysts are provided. In some aspects, the redox catalysts include a core oxygen carrier region such as CaMnO.sub.3, BaMnO.sub.3-, SrMnO.sub.3-, Mn.sub.2SiO.sub.4, Mn.sub.2MgO.sub.4-, La.sub.0.8Sr.sub.0.2O.sub.3-, La.sub.0.8Sr.sub.0.2FeO.sub.3-, Ca.sub.9Ti.sub.0.1Mn.sub.0.9O.sub.3-, Pr.sub.6O.sub.11-, manganese ore, or a combination thereof; and an outer shell having an average thickness of about 1-100 monolayers surrounding the outer surface of the core region. The outer shell can include, for example a salt selected such as Li.sub.2WO.sub.4, Na.sub.2WO.sub.4, K.sub.2WO.sub.4, SrWO.sub.4, Li.sub.2MoO.sub.4, Na.sub.2MoO.sub.4, K.sub.2MoO.sub.4, CsMoO.sub.4, Li.sub.2CO.sub.3, Na.sub.2CO.sub.3, K.sub.2CO.sub.3, or a combination thereof.

Provided are an air-cleaning device and method for reducing harmful gas including ethylene and harmful microorganisms, and an air-cleaning system including the air-cleaning device.

Provided are an air-cleaning device and method for reducing harmful gas including ethylene and harmful microorganisms, and an air-cleaning system including the air-cleaning device.

Provided is a catalytic activity recovery method of a manganese oxide catalyst, an air-cleaning device using the same, air-cleaning system including the air-cleaning device, and an operation method of air-cleaning device by using the manganese oxide catalyst. The catalytic activity recovery method of a manganese oxide catalyst includes recovering the initial activity of a manganese Ni oxide catalyst by heating a manganese oxide catalyst which has been used to decompose ozone and of which activity is thus reduced by 10% or more compared to the initial ozone decomposition efficiency thereof, at the temperature of 80 C. to 250 C., so as to recover an ozone decomposition efficiency represented by Equation 1 to 90% or more of the initial ozone decomposition efficiency: Equation 1 Ozone decomposition efficiency (%)=[1(concentration of ozone flowing out of the reactor)/(concentration of ozone flowing into the reactor)]100

Provided is a catalytic activity recovery method of a manganese oxide catalyst, an air-cleaning device using the same, air-cleaning system including the air-cleaning device, and an operation method of air-cleaning device by using the manganese oxide catalyst. The catalytic activity recovery method of a manganese oxide catalyst includes recovering the initial activity of a manganese Ni oxide catalyst by heating a manganese oxide catalyst which has been used to decompose ozone and of which activity is thus reduced by 10% or more compared to the initial ozone decomposition efficiency thereof, at the temperature of 80 C. to 250 C., so as to recover an ozone decomposition efficiency represented by Equation 1 to 90% or more of the initial ozone decomposition efficiency: Equation 1 Ozone decomposition efficiency (%)=[1(concentration of ozone flowing out of the reactor)/(concentration of ozone flowing into the reactor)]100

The present disclosure relates to a method for manufacturing core-shell particles using carbon monoxide, and more particularly, to a method for manufacturing core-shell particles, the method of which a simple and fast one-pot reaction enables particle manufacturing to reduce process costs, facilitate scale-up, change various types of core and shell metals, and form a multi-layered shell by including the steps of adsorbing carbon monoxide on a transition metal for a core, and reacting carbon monoxide adsorbed on the surface of the transition metal for the core, a metal precursor for a shell, and a solvent to form particles with a core-shell structure having a reduced metal shell layer formed on a transition metal core.

The present disclosure relates to a method for manufacturing core-shell particles using carbon monoxide, and more particularly, to a method for manufacturing core-shell particles, the method of which a simple and fast one-pot reaction enables particle manufacturing to reduce process costs, facilitate scale-up, change various types of core and shell metals, and form a multi-layered shell by including the steps of adsorbing carbon monoxide on a transition metal for a core, and reacting carbon monoxide adsorbed on the surface of the transition metal for the core, a metal precursor for a shell, and a solvent to form particles with a core-shell structure having a reduced metal shell layer formed on a transition metal core.