An improved cluster-supporting catalyst has heteroatom-removed zeolite particles, and catalyst metal clusters supported within the pores of the heteroatom-removed zeolite particles. A method for producing a cluster-supporting catalyst includes the following steps: providing a dispersion liquid containing a dispersion medium and the heteroatom-removed zeolite particles dispersed in the dispersion medium; and in the dispersion liquid, forming catalyst metal clusters having a positive charge, and supporting the catalyst metal clusters within the pores of the heteroatom-removed zeolite particles through an electrostatic interaction.

The present invention provides a method for preparing 1,5-pentanediol via hydrogenolysis of tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol. The catalyst used in the method is prepared by supporting a noble metal and a promoter on an organic polymer supporter or an inorganic hybrid material supporter, wherein the supporter is functionalized by a nitrogen-containing ligand. When the catalyst is used in the hydrogenolysis of tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol to prepare 1,5-pentanediol, a good reaction activity and a high selectivity can be achieved. The promoter and the nitrogen-containing ligand in the supporter are bound to the catalyst through coordination, thereby the loss of the promoter is significantly decreased, and the catalyst has a particularly high stability. The lifetime investigation of the catalyst, which has been reused many times or used continuously for a long term, suggests that the catalyst has no obvious change in performance, thus reducing the overall process production cost.

The present invention provides a method for preparing 1,5-pentanediol via hydrogenolysis of tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol. The catalyst used in the method is prepared by supporting a noble metal and a promoter on an organic polymer supporter or an inorganic hybrid material supporter, wherein the supporter is functionalized by a nitrogen-containing ligand. When the catalyst is used in the hydrogenolysis of tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol to prepare 1,5-pentanediol, a good reaction activity and a high selectivity can be achieved. The promoter and the nitrogen-containing ligand in the supporter are bound to the catalyst through coordination, thereby the loss of the promoter is significantly decreased, and the catalyst has a particularly high stability. The lifetime investigation of the catalyst, which has been reused many times or used continuously for a long term, suggests that the catalyst has no obvious change in performance, thus reducing the overall process production cost.

According to an example aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for producing muconic acid ester from aldaric acid ester, and for separating and purifying the produced muconic acid ester by high vacuum distillation in a total heating environment.

An alcohol production method in which an alcohol is produced from a carbonyl compound, the method including producing an alcohol by using a catalyst, the catalyst including a metal component including rhenium having an average valence of 4 or less and a carrier supporting the metal component, the carrier including zirconium oxide. A catalyst for producing an alcohol by hydrogenation of a carbonyl compound, the catalyst including a carrier including zirconium oxide and a metal component supported on the carrier, the metal component including rhenium having an average valence of 4 or less.

An alcohol production method in which an alcohol is produced from a carbonyl compound, the method including producing an alcohol by using a catalyst, the catalyst including a metal component including rhenium having an average valence of 4 or less and a carrier supporting the metal component, the carrier including zirconium oxide. A catalyst for producing an alcohol by hydrogenation of a carbonyl compound, the catalyst including a carrier including zirconium oxide and a metal component supported on the carrier, the metal component including rhenium having an average valence of 4 or less.

Provided here are methods and systems to enhance the production of ethylene and MTBE from propylene using integrated metathesis and cracking processes. Also disclosed is a method for producing ethylene by at least partially metathesizing propylene in the presence of a metathesis catalyst in a reactor to produce ethylene and butenes, and at least partially cracking the butenes to further produce ethylene using a cracking catalyst positioned downstream of the metathesis catalyst in the same reactor, and further producing MTBE.

According to an example aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for producing muconic acid ester from aldaric acid ester, and for separating and purifying the produced muconic acid ester by high vacuum distillation in a total heating environment.

A method including hydroformylating, with syngas, allyl alcohol in an allyl alcohol feed, to produce a hydroformylation product comprising 4-hydroxybutyraldehyde and 3-hydroxy-2-methylpropionaldehyde; and producing a 1,4-butanediol (BDO) product comprising BDO and 1,3-methylpropanediol via hydrogenation of at least a portion of the hydroformylation product. A method including hydroformylating, with syngas, allyl alcohol in a feed comprising bio-allyl alcohol, to produce a hydroformylation product comprising 4-hydroxybutyraldehyde and 3-hydroxy-2-methylpropionaldehyde; and producing a BDO product comprising BDO and 1,3-methylpropanediol via hydrogenation of at least a portion of the hydroformylation product. A method including hydroformylating, with syngas, bio-allyl alcohol in a feed comprising bio-allyl alcohol, to produce a hydroformylation product comprising 4-hydroxybutyraldehyde and 3-hydroxy-2-methylpropionaldehyde; producing a BDO product comprising BDO and 1,3-methylpropanediol via hydrogenation of at least a portion of the hydroformylation product; and removing a byproduct of the production of the bio-allyl alcohol prior to hydroformylating the bio-allyl alcohol and/or from the BDO-product.

A method including hydroformylating, with syngas, allyl alcohol in an allyl alcohol feed, to produce a hydroformylation product comprising 4-hydroxybutyraldehyde and 3-hydroxy-2-methylpropionaldehyde; and producing a 1,4-butanediol (BDO) product comprising BDO and 1,3-methylpropanediol via hydrogenation of at least a portion of the hydroformylation product. A method including hydroformylating, with syngas, allyl alcohol in a feed comprising bio-allyl alcohol, to produce a hydroformylation product comprising 4-hydroxybutyraldehyde and 3-hydroxy-2-methylpropionaldehyde; and producing a BDO product comprising BDO and 1,3-methylpropanediol via hydrogenation of at least a portion of the hydroformylation product. A method including hydroformylating, with syngas, bio-allyl alcohol in a feed comprising bio-allyl alcohol, to produce a hydroformylation product comprising 4-hydroxybutyraldehyde and 3-hydroxy-2-methylpropionaldehyde; producing a BDO product comprising BDO and 1,3-methylpropanediol via hydrogenation of at least a portion of the hydroformylation product; and removing a byproduct of the production of the bio-allyl alcohol prior to hydroformylating the bio-allyl alcohol and/or from the BDO-product.