A three-way catalyst article, and its use in an exhaust system for internal combustion engines, is disclosed. The catalyst article for treating exhaust gas comprising: a substrate; and a first catalytic region on the substrate; wherein the first catalytic region comprises a first platinum group metal (PGM) component, wherein the first PGM component comprises PGM nanoparticles, wherein the PGM nanoparticles have an average particle size of about 1 to about 20 nm with a standard deviation (SD) no more than 1 nm.

A three-way catalyst article, and its use in an exhaust system for internal combustion engines, is disclosed. The catalyst article for treating exhaust gas comprising: a substrate; and a first catalytic region on the substrate; wherein the first catalytic region comprises a first platinum group metal (PGM) component, wherein the first PGM component comprises PGM nanoparticles, wherein the PGM nanoparticles have an average particle size of about 1 to about 20 nm with a standard deviation (SD) no more than 1 nm.

Catalyst ink may be directly printed to a substrate using a stamp. Printed catalyst ink may converted to a pattern of one or more metal traces. Materials for a stamp and/or a substrate, and/or components of a catalyst ink, may be selected based on attraction of one or more of components of the catalyst ink to one or more print surfaces of the substrate and/or to one or more write surfaces of the stamp.

Catalyst ink may be directly printed to a substrate using a stamp. Printed catalyst ink may converted to a pattern of one or more metal traces. Materials for a stamp and/or a substrate, and/or components of a catalyst ink, may be selected based on attraction of one or more of components of the catalyst ink to one or more print surfaces of the substrate and/or to one or more write surfaces of the stamp.

Disclosed herein are monolith oxidation catalysts for the destruction of CO and volatile organic compounds (VOC) chemical emissions, in particular, the destruction of light alkane organic compounds. The catalysts contain high surface area refractory oxides of silica- and hafnia-doped zirconia and silica, or tin oxide or stabilized alumina; and at least one platinum group metals, in particular platinum metal, or a combination of platinum and palladium.

There is provided a catalyst composition including a hydrogen oxidation catalyst and an oxygen reduction catalyst. Heat exchange reactors including the catalyst are also provided. The catalyst is adapted for low temperature activation of a hydrogen combustion reaction.

There is provided a catalyst composition including a hydrogen oxidation catalyst and an oxygen reduction catalyst. Heat exchange reactors including the catalyst are also provided. The catalyst is adapted for low temperature activation of a hydrogen combustion reaction.

A process for the preparation of transition metal nanoparticles, the process comprising: (a) providing a mixture comprising one or more salts of one or more transition metals M, one or more complexing agents C, and a solvent system S; (b) optionally adjusting the pH of the mixture provided in (a) to a pH comprised in the range of from 4 to 8; (c) heating the mixture provided in (a) or obtained in (b) for obtaining a colloidal suspension of transition metal nanoparticles; (d) optionally isolating the transition metal nanoparticles obtained in (c), preferably by centrifugation and/or evaporation to dryness of the colloidal suspension obtained in (c) wherein the mixture provided in (a) and heated in (c) or obtained in (b) and heated in (c) does not comprise polyvinyl sulfate and/or polyvinylpyrrolidone.

A process for the preparation of transition metal nanoparticles, the process comprising: (a) providing a mixture comprising one or more salts of one or more transition metals M, one or more complexing agents C, and a solvent system S; (b) optionally adjusting the pH of the mixture provided in (a) to a pH comprised in the range of from 4 to 8; (c) heating the mixture provided in (a) or obtained in (b) for obtaining a colloidal suspension of transition metal nanoparticles; (d) optionally isolating the transition metal nanoparticles obtained in (c), preferably by centrifugation and/or evaporation to dryness of the colloidal suspension obtained in (c) wherein the mixture provided in (a) and heated in (c) or obtained in (b) and heated in (c) does not comprise polyvinyl sulfate and/or polyvinylpyrrolidone.

A process for the purification of isobutene from a C4 stream with at least 1-butene, 2-butene, isobutane and isobutene includes isomerizing 1-butene from a stream of material which is concentrated in isobutane and isobutene obtained from the C4 stream into 2-butene, using a catalyst in an isomerization reactor; supplying a product stream from the isomerization reactor to a rectification column; and providing a stream of material which is concentrated in isobutene. A processing facility is utilized for the purification of isobutene from the C4 stream.