The present invention provides a method for making materials and electrocatalytic materials comprising amorphous metals or metal oxides. This method provides a scalable preparative approach for accessing state-of-the-art electrocatalyst films, as demonstrated herein for the electrolysis of water, and extends the scope of usable substrates to include those that are non-conducting and/or three-dimensional electrodes.

A catalytic converter for treatment of exhaust gases from a motorcycle engine includes a housing having an upstream end and a downstream end. A housing body extends between the upstream end and the downstream end. A catalyst mantle is positioned within the body of the housing such that a void is formed between the catalyst mantle and the housing body. A catalyst is positioned within the catalyst mantle. An insulator is positioned within the void between the housing body and the catalyst mantle.

The exhaust gas-purifying catalyst of the invention contains oxide particles having interdispersed therein A crystallites that are loaded with a noble metal and B crystallites that are not loaded with a noble metal. The A crystallites loaded with a noble metal are composed of an oxide containing at least one of zirconium (Zr) and cerium (Ce). The B crystallites not loaded with a noble metal are composed of a cerium (Ce)-containing oxide which has a higher Ce content (mol %) than the oxide making up the A crystallites. The oxide particles have a specific surface area after 5 hours of heat treatment at 1,150° C. in open air of 30 m.sup.2/g or more.

Disclosed herein is a metal oxide aerogel catalyst for hydrogenation and/or hydrodeoxygenation, a method for preparing the same, and a method for hydrogenation and/or hydrodeoxygenation using the same. The catalyst consists of a metal and an oxide thereof, and the catalyst is in a form of an aerogel produced by supercritical drying. The catalyst has an effect of providing high hydrogenation and/or hydrodeoxygenation efficiency of an oxygen-containing compound.

Ethylene glycol is prepared from a carbohydrate source in a process,

wherein hydrogen, the carbohydrate source, a liquid diluent and a catalyst system are introduced as reactants into a reaction zone;

wherein the catalyst system comprises a tungsten compound and ruthenium as hydrogenolysis metal and further at least one promoter metal, selected from transition and post-transition metals;

wherein the carbohydrate source is reacted with hydrogen in the presence of the catalyst system to yield a product mixture comprising ethylene glycol and butylene glycol.

Butylene glycol may selectively be removed from the product mixture by azeotropic distillation using an entraining agent.

A nitrous oxide (N.sub.2O) removal catalyst composite is provided, comprising a N.sub.2O removal catalytic material on a substrate, the catalytic material comprising a rhodium (Rh) component supported on a ceria-based support, wherein the catalyst composite has a H.sub.2-consumption peak of about 100° C. or less as measured by hydrogen temperature-programmed reduction (H.sub.2-TPR). Methods of making and using the same are also provided.

Provided are an LNT layered catalyst for a lean burn gasoline engine having an enhanced NOx storage rate and capable of developing a higher NOx purification rate, and an exhaust gas purification apparatus using the same, the LNT layered catalyst including a substrate, a first catalyst layer including ceria-alumina particles carrying Pt, Pd, and BaO, and a second catalyst layer including ceria-alumina particles carrying Pt and Rh, in which a content of Pt in the first catalyst layer is 0.45 to 0.85 mass %; among Pt included in the first catalyst layer, a content proportion in a first depth region is 88 to 90 mass %, and a content proportion in a second depth region is 10 to 12 mass %; a content of Ba in the first catalyst layer is 4 to 11 mass %; and the second catalyst layer is substantially free from Ba.

Provided are a tricyclodecane dimethanol composition, in which a ratio of structural isomers is controlled, and a preparation method thereof.

Provided are a tricyclodecane dimethanol composition, in which a ratio of structural isomers is controlled, and a preparation method thereof.

An ammonia synthesis catalyst having high activity is obtained by having a two-dimensional electride compound having a lamellar crystal structure such as Ca.sub.2N support a transition metal. However, since the two-dimensional electride compound is unstable, the stability of the catalyst is low. In addition, in cases where a two-dimensional electride compound is used as a catalyst support, it is difficult to shape the catalyst depending on reactions since the two-dimensional electride compound has poor processability. A composite which includes a transition metal, a support and a metal amide compound, wherein the support is a metal oxide or a carbonaceous support; and the metal amide compound is a metal amide compound represented by general formula (1). M(NH.sub.2).sub.x . . . (1) (In general formula (1), M represents at least one metal atom selected from the group consisting of Li, Na, K, Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba and Eu; and x represents the valence of M.)