Disclosed in the present invention is a tail gas treatment catalyst. The catalyst consists of a carrier, a first catalyst, and a second catalyst. The first catalyst and the second catalyst are provided on both ends of the carrier. The first catalyst can purify pollutants in tail gas. The second catalyst can purify a byproduct, ammonia, obtained by the purification by the first catalyst and pollutants that are not completely purified by the first catalyst. The second catalyst is of a double-layer structure; the lower layer consists of an oxygen storage material, aluminum oxide, and a second active component; the second active component is a composition of Pt and Pd, or a composition of Ce, Fe, Ni and Cu; the upper layer consists of a molecular sieve and a third active component; the third active component is Cu or a composition of Cu and Fe. The tail gas treatment catalyst of the present invention has high purification treatment efficiency, and can significantly reduce the emissions of CH.sub.4, CO, and NO.sub.x in the tail gas, especially reduce the content of the byproduct, NH.sub.3, so that the tail gas can meet China VI emission standards.

Neuroactive steroid anaesthetic agents, methods for their preparation and compositions comprising the same are disclosed. Also provided are scaled up and/or GMP methods for preparing neuroactive steroids, such as alfaxalone, alfadolone and alfadolone acetate.

Methods for producing a carbon-free, PGM-free support for PGM catalyst. The catalytic material comprises PGM metals disposed on a carbon-free support which is catalytic but free of PGM.

Disclosed is a method for preparing a ternary alloy catalyst with polydopamine coating and a ternary alloy catalyst prepared thereby. The method for preparing a ternary alloy catalyst according to the present disclosure may provide a ternary alloy catalyst with increased resistance to carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning in which polydopamine is utilized as a coating material for a ternary alloy catalyst having a core-shell structure containing platinum to suppress the growth of particles during subsequent high-temperature heat treatment, and nickel (Ni), which is a transition metal, is diffused inside to form a core, thereby effectively preventing elution of nickel under an acidic condition.

The disclosure provides novel solid state forms of Compound I chosen from Compound I Phosphate Salt Hydrate Form A, Compound I free form Monohydrate, Compound I Phosphate Salt Methanol Solvate, and Compound I Phosphate Salt MEK Solvate, compositions comprising the same, and methods of making and using the same, including uses in treating APOL1 mediated disease (such as, e.g., APOL1 mediated kidney disease). Also provided herein are novel solid state forms of Compound II chosen from Compound II Phosphate Salt Hemihydrate Form A, Compound II free form Hemihydrate Form A, and Compound II free form Form C, compositions comprising the same, and methods of making and using the same, including uses in treating APOL1 mediated disease (such as, e.g., APOL1 mediated kidney disease).

The present invention relates to a particulate filter which comprises a wall-flow filter of length L and two different catalytically active coatings Y and Z, wherein the wall flow filter comprises channels E and A that extend in parallel between a first and a second end of the wall-flow filter and are separated by porous walls which form the surfaces O.sub.E and O.sub.A, respectively, and wherein the channels E are closed at the second end and the channels A are closed at the first end. The invention is characterized in that the coating Y is located in the channels E on the surfaces O.sub.E and the coating Z is located in the porous walls.

A catalyst device includes a central axis and a catalyst support. The catalyst support includes a slit that is arranged to be orthogonal to the central axis. The slit is arranged to be symmetrical with respect to an arbitrary plane that includes the central axis.

An exhaust gas purification device that allows suppressing an increase in pressure loss is provided. The exhaust gas purification device of the present disclosure includes a honeycomb substrate and an inflow cell side catalyst layer. The substrate includes a porous partition wall which defines inflow cells and outflow cells extending from an inflow side end to an outflow side end. The inflow cell side catalyst layer is disposed on a surface on the inflow cell side in an inflow cell side catalyst region from an inflow side end to a position close to an outflow side end of the partition wall. The permeability of a portion including an outflow side region from the position to the outflow side end of the partition wall is higher than a gas permeability of a portion including the inflow cell side catalyst region of the partition wall and the inflow cell side catalyst layer.

The present invention relates to regioselective chemical and electrochemical processes for the preparation of an oxidized heterocyclic alpha-amino amide compounds. By applying specific catalysts or catalyst systems during chemical oxidation or by applying particular electrochemical oxidation conditions the present invention provides access to valuable alpha amino amide compounds, which are oxidized at the heterocyclic amino group by regioselective introduction of either a hydroxyl or a keto group. In a more particular embodiment, the present invention describes a chemical oxidation reaction, which advantageously is applicable in the enantioselective synthesis of valuable oxidized heterocyclic alpha-amino amide compounds, like levetiracetam, brivaracetam or the synthesis of piracetam. Another aspect of the present invention relates to a process for the electrochemical recycling of alkali perhalogenate oxidants as spent during said regioselective oxidation reactions of the invention. Still another aspect of the invention relates to the electrochemical preparation of perhalogenates.

A process for preparing aldehydes by a homogeneously catalysed hydroformylation of C.sub.4 to C.sub.20 olefins involves withdrawing a biphasic stream (liquid/gaseous) and expanding in two stages. Before, between, or after the two stages, the liquid phase is cooled. Only after expansion and cooling is the homogeneously dissolved rhodium catalyst system separated from the residual stream.