This application relates to silver-titanium oxide complex particles. In one aspect, the silver-titanium oxide complex particles include a plurality of titanium oxide nanoparticles aggregated with each other. The silver-titanium oxide complex particles may also include a silver component bonded on the surface of the titanium oxide nanoparticles, and have an energy band gap of 3.1 eV or less. According to various embodiments, the silver-titanium oxide complex particles show excellent optical characteristics.

A catalyst comprising noble metal particles and titanium-containing particles. The noble metal particles and titanium-containing particles are disposed on an outer surface of a support. At least 20% by weight of the total weight of noble metal particles are adjacent to at least one titanium-containing particle. The noble metal particles have an average diameter of less than 15 nm, and the catalyst has an average diameter of at least 200 microns. A method for preparing methyl methacrylate from methacrolein and methanol using the catalyst is also disclosed.

A self-disinfecting photocatalyst sheet includes a substrate material and a photocatalyst layer with a primary photocatalyst and a secondary photocatalyst. The primary photocatalyst is a metal oxide photocatalyst, whereas the secondary photocatalyst is a metallic photocatalyst. The primary photocatalyst forms a covalent bond with the substrate material. The self-disinfecting photocatalyst sheet is photocatalytic active to different bands of wavelength. Another self-disinfecting photocatalyst sheet includes a substrate material, a prime material layer and a photocatalyst layer with a primary photocatalyst and a secondary photocatalyst. The prime material layer is between the substrate and the photocatalyst layer. The primary photocatalyst forms a covalent bond with the prime material.

A method for producing a shell catalyst which comprises, in the outer shell, one or more of the following metals: Pd, Pt, Ag and Au. Also the use of the shell catalyst produced using the method according to the invention for the production of vinyl acetate monomer, in the hydrogenation of hydrocarbons, in particular the selective hydrogenation of polyunsaturated hydrocarbon compounds, or in the oxidation of alcohols to ketones/aldehydes/carboxylic acids.

A method for producing a shell catalyst which comprises, in the outer shell, one or more of the following metals: Pd, Pt, Ag and Au. Also the use of the shell catalyst produced using the method according to the invention for the production of vinyl acetate monomer, in the hydrogenation of hydrocarbons, in particular the selective hydrogenation of polyunsaturated hydrocarbon compounds, or in the oxidation of alcohols to ketones/aldehydes/carboxylic acids.

A core-shell nanoparticle is provided that includes a core comprising a first isotope of an element; an isolation layer surrounding the core; and a shell layer surrounding the isolation layer, wherein the shell layer comprises a second isotope of the element, with the first isotope being different than the second isotope. Methods are also provided for forming such core-shell nanoparticles.

Methods of producing gold-palladium catalysts suitable for use in the production of vinyl acetate may include drying the catalyst after the incorporation of a promoter at higher temperatures (e.g., 160° C. or greater) to restructure the metals and/or alloys on the catalyst. The restructured catalyst advantageously has increased catalytic activity and improved stability.

Methods of producing gold-palladium catalysts suitable for use in the production of vinyl acetate may include drying the catalyst after the incorporation of a promoter at higher temperatures (e.g., 160° C. or greater) to restructure the metals and/or alloys on the catalyst. The restructured catalyst advantageously has increased catalytic activity and improved stability.

Disclosed is the oxidation of uronic acids, such as galacturonic acid, to the corresponding aldaric acids, such as galactaric acid, under neutral or acidic conditions. Use is made of a supported gold catalyst. The oxidation occurs in good selectivity and yield, under unexpectedly mild conditions. A source of galacturonic acids is pectins, such as from sugar beet pulp.

A method for the manufacture of a catalyst comprising substrate particles having gold nanoparticles thereon, the method comprising providing a first solution comprising gold nanoparticles; providing a second solution comprising substrate particles having polyelectrolyte on the surface thereof; and combining the solutions to form substrate particles having gold nanoparticles thereon. A catalyst comprising substrate particles having gold nanoparticles thereon, wherein the gold nanoparticles comprise capping agent comprising polyelectrolyte. A catalyst as a component of a cigarette filter, an air conditioning unit, an exhaust, or a diesel exhaust.