A catalyst of the present invention contains a first transition metal oxide (A1) represented by the general formula M.sup.1O.sub.x, wherein M.sup.1 represents a transition metal element, and x represents a positive real number, and a metal compound (B1) capable of adsorbing carbon dioxide. The first transition metal oxide (A1) is supported on the metal compound (B1), and the first transition metal oxide (A1) can produce a compound represented by the general formula M.sup.1O.sub.x-n by reduction, wherein M.sup.1 and x are as defined above, and n represents a positive real number equal to or less than x.

Disclosed are a chemochromic nanoparticle, a method for manufacturing the chemochromic nanoparticle, and a hydrogen sensor comprising the chemochromic nanoparticle. In particular, the chemochromic nanoparticle has a core-shell structure such that the chemochromic nanoparticle and comprises a core comprising a hydrated or non-hydrated transition metal oxide; and a shell comprising a transition metal catalyst.

A Fe.sub.43.4Pt.sub.52.3Cu.sub.4.3 heterogeneous phase structure polyhedron nanoparticle, a preparing method and an application as an efficient fuel cell oxygen reduction catalyst are provided. The Fe.sub.43.4Pt.sub.52.3Cu.sub.4.3 heterogeneous phase structure polyhedron nanoparticle, includes: three elements of Fe, Pt and Cu; wherein the Fe.sub.43.4Pt.sub.52.3Cu.sub.4.3 heterogeneous phase structure polyhedron nanoparticle has a heterogeneous phase structure in which face-centered cubic and face-centered tetragonal coexist; wherein the heterogeneous phase structure is a face-centered tetragonal phase shell and face-centered cubic core with a high crystal plane index; a surface of the polyhedron nanoparticle has 1 to 2 atomic layers of enriched with Pt; a diameter distribution of the nanoparticles is at a range of 4.5 to 14.5 nm, and an average size is 8.4 nm. In the invention, hexadecylamine, iron acetylacetonate, copper acetylacetonate, platinum acetylacetonate, and 1,2-hexadecanediol are uniformly mixed, and oleylamine and oleic acid are added, condensed refluxed at 320-330 C.

Compositions comprising a first metal component and a second metal component wherein the molar ratio of the first metal component to the second metal component is in the range of 1:9 to 9:1, respectively, and wherein a surface of the second metal component is coated with the first metal component, is disclosed. Uses the compositions as catalysts are further disclosed. Electrochemical cells containing the compositions are further disclosed. A process of synthesizing ammonia using the compositions is further disclosed.

The present invention relates to novel catalysts for oxidative esterification, by means of which, for example, (meth)acrolein can be converted to methyl (meth)acrylate. The catalysts of the invention are especially notable for high mechanical and chemical stability even over very long periods. This especially relates to an improvement in the catalyst service life, activity and selectivity over prior art catalysts which lose activity and/or selectivity relatively quickly in continuous operation in media having even a small water content.

A nanocatalyst including single atoms of platinum dispersed on a nanoscale metal oxide, and the nanocatalyst comprises 0.01 wt % to 1 wt % platinum. Preparing the nanocatalyst includes combining a solution comprising a nanoscale metal oxide and a compound containing a Group 10 metal to yield a mixture, aging the mixture for a length of time, filtering the mixture to yield a solid, washing the solid to eliminate water soluble anions, and calcining the solid to yield a nanocatalyst including single atoms or clusters of atoms of the Group 10 metal on the nanoscale metal oxide.

A method of reducing an aromatic ring under relatively mild condition using sub-nano particles of a transition metal supported on super paramagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs). The catalyst is efficient for catalyzing the reduction of both carbocyclic and heterocyclic compound. In compound comprising both carbocyclic and heterocyclic aromatic rings, the catalyst displays high regioselectivity for the heterocyclic ring.

Methods, structures, devices and systems are disclosed for fabrication of microtube engines using membrane template electrodeposition. Such nanomotors operate based on bubble-induced propulsion in biological fluids and salt-rich environments. In one aspect, fabricating microengines includes depositing a polymer layer on a membrane template, depositing a conductive metal layer on the polymer layer, and dissolving the membrane template to release the multilayer microtubes.

The present invention relates to a catalyst comprising a carrier substrate of the length L extending between substrate ends a and b and two washcoat zones A and B, wherein washcoat zone A comprises a redox active base metal and palladium supported on a zeolite and/or refractory oxide support and extends starting from substrate end a over a part of the length L, and washcoat zone B comprises the same components as washcoat A and an additional amount of palladium and extends from substrate end b over a part of the length L, wherein L=L.sub.A+L.sub.B, wherein L.sub.A is the length of washcoat zone A and L.sub.B is the length of substrate length B.

In a first aspect, the present invention is directed to a process for forming a metal alloy catalyst. Another aspect of the present invention is directed to a process for oxidizing a substrate that includes contacting a substrate with an oxidant in the presence of a metal alloy catalyst to form one or more carboxylic acids. Suitable substrates include sugars, polyols, furfural alcohols, and polyhydroxycarboxylic acids. The oxidation process may use the alloy catalyst formed from the process of the first aspect of the invention.