Provided herein are systems and methods for converting CO.sub.2 and a reduction gas such as H.sub.2 or a hydrocarbon to mixtures of paraffins and aromatics suitable for use as aviation fuel.

A method for selecting a catalyst includes selecting, as a descriptor, an energy of an intermediate structure or a transition state structure included in an elementary reaction of a catalytic reaction for producing a target product from raw materials, creating a map representing a relationship between the descriptor and a reactivity of the catalyst, calculating the descriptor related to the catalytic reaction using candidate substances in a state where the candidate substances are fixed, creating a first plot map using the descriptor, selecting first screened candidate substances from the candidate substances based on the first plot map, calculating the descriptor for the catalytic reaction using the first screened candidate substances in a state where a surface of the first screened candidate substances is relaxed, creating a second plot map using the calculated descriptor, and selecting second screened candidate substances based on the second plot map.

The present invention provides a carbon dioxide reduction catalyst that is used in reduction reactions of carbon dioxide and that has high methanol selectivity. A carbon dioxide reduction catalyst according to the present invention is used in producing methanol by reduction reactions of carbon dioxide, and contains Au and Cu as catalyst components and ZnO as a carrier. It is preferable that the catalyst components contain 7-25 mol % of Au as a catalyst component. This makes it possible to obtain high methanol selectivityfor example, selectivity of not less than 80%. The carbon dioxide reduction catalyst makes it possible to obtain high methanol selectivity even under the conditions of not more than 240 C. and not more than 50 bar.

A coated component for coke abatement in a gas turbine engine. The coated component includes a substrate, and a catalytic coating. The catalytic coating includes a phase enriched in metal oxide and a phase enriched in noble metal. The metal oxide is of formula A.sub.xE.sub.yL.sub.zMO.sub.u where A is one or more alkaline earth elements, x ranges from zero to one, E is one or more alkali metals, y ranges from zero to one, L is one or more lanthanide elements, z ranges from zero to one, M is one or more d-block or p-block elements, O is oxygen, and u ranges from 0.95 to six.

A method for synthesizing ternary metal alloy catalysts through solid-state synthesis and thermal diffusion is provided. The method includes forming binary metal alloys through solid-state synthesis, incorporating third metals through thermal diffusion, and annealing under reducing atmospheres to form ternary alloy nanoparticles. The resulting nanoparticles have core-shell structures with selective metal distribution and multiple intermetallic phases. Platinum-rare earth-transition metal systems are formed with enhanced catalytic activity for electrochemical applications. The synthesis approach enables controlled formation of ternary structures previously difficult to achieve through conventional methods, supporting applications in fuel cells and other electrochemical devices requiring improved catalyst performance and durability.