The present disclosure relates to a method and an apparatus for manufacturing a core-shell catalyst, and more particularly, to a method and an apparatus for manufacturing a core-shell catalyst, in which a particle in the form of a core-shell in which the metal nanoparticle is coated with platinum is manufactured by substituting copper and platinum through a method of manufacturing a metal nanoparticle by emitting a laser beam to a metal ingot, and providing a particular electric potential value, and as a result, it is possible to continuously produce nanoscale uniform core-shell catalysts in large quantities.

Methods for making porous materials having metal alloy nanoparticles formed therein are described herein. By preparing a porous material and delivering the precursor solutions under vacuum, the metal precursors can be uniformly embedded within the pores of the porous material. Once absorption is complete, the porous material can be heated in the presence of one or more functional gases to reduce the metal precursors to metal alloy nanoparticles, and embed the metal alloy nanoparticles inside of the pores. As such, the metal alloy nanoparticles can be formed within the pores, while avoiding surface wetting and absorption problems which can occur with small pores.

A hydrogen permeable membrane device is provided that includes a porous ceramic layer having a material that includes zirconia, Yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ), /Al.sub.2O.sub.3, and/or YSZ /Al.sub.2O.sub.3, and a porous Pd film or porous Pd-alloy film deposited on the a mesoporous ceramic layer.

Catalysts and methods for the selective conversion of carbon dioxide and hydrogen into methanol using heat and high pressure in a hydrogenation reactor are disclosed. Key to this process are catalysts, which are comprised of multimetallic, aluminum oxide-supported nanoparticles. In some embodiments of the invention, the catalytic nanoparticles are made from mixtures of zinc and copper, or mixtures of palladium and copper, in different stoichiometric equivalents. In others, stoichiometric additives or dopants are added in order to improve the rate of product formation, improve selectivity, or allow for flow configurations. Methods for the use of these catalysts for the synthesis of methanol, and for the purification of CO.sub.2, H.sub.2, or CO gas streams by transforming contaminants into liquid methanol are also described.

In a first aspect, the present invention is directed to a process for forming a metal alloy catalyst. Another aspect of the present invention is directed to a process for oxidizing a substrate that includes contacting a substrate with an oxidant in the presence of a metal alloy catalyst to form one or more carboxylic acids. Suitable substrates include sugars, polyols, furfural alcohols, and polyhydroxycarboxylic acids. The oxidation process may use the alloy catalyst formed from the process of the first aspect of the invention.

Novel non-planar non-contiguous graphene structures and novel methods for forming the same. According to some embodiments the novel methods result in three-dimensional graphene structures. According to a further embodiment these three-dimensional graphene structures have a specific, controlled morphology. According to a still further method the novel method results in decoratable graphene sheets or three-dimensional graphene structures.

A diesel oxidation catalyst composition is provided, the composition including at least one platinum group metal impregnated onto a porous refractory oxide material in particulate form and at least one base metal oxide impregnated onto a porous refractory oxide material in particulate form, wherein the porous refractory oxide material impregnated with at least one platinum group metal and the porous refractory oxide material impregnated with at least one base metal oxide are in the form of a mixture or wherein the at least one platinum group metal and the at least one base metal oxide are impregnated on the same porous refractory oxide material. The diesel oxidation catalyst provides synergistic enhancement of carbon monoxide oxidation as well as relatively unimpaired hydrocarbon oxidation. Methods of making and using the catalyst composition are also provided, as well as emission treatment systems comprising a catalyst article coated with the catalyst composition.

The present invention relates to a catalyst for aminating a polyether polyol and preparation method thereof and a method of preparing a polyetheramine using the catalyst. The catalyst has active components and a carrier. The active components are Ni, Cu, and Pd. The method of preparing the catalyst comprises the following steps: using a metal solution or a metal melt impregnated carrier, obtaining a catalyst precursor; and drying and calcinating the obtained catalyst precursor, so as to obtain a catalyst. By introducing the active component Pd in the catalyst, the present invention clearly improves selectivity of an amination catalyst with respect to a preaminated product, and increases raw material conversion rate.

The present invention relates to a palladium-based supported hydrogenation catalyst and a preparation method and application thereof. The catalyst is prepared by the following method: impregnating an Al.sub.2O.sub.3-containing carrier with an organic solution containing a bipyridine derivative having hydroxy group, optionally drying followed by impregnating with a mixed solution containing the main active component palladium ions and the auxiliary active component M.sup.n+ ions, where M is one selected from Ag, Au, Ni, Pb and Cu; and then optionally drying, and calcining to obtain the catalyst. The preparation method provided by the present invention allows Pd atoms and M atoms to be highly uniformly dispersed on the carrier, which overcomes the adverse impact of the surface tension of the impregnation solution and the solvation effect on the dispersibility of active components. The palladium-based supported hydrogenation catalyst provided by the present invention has excellent hydrogenation activity, ethylene selectivity and anti-coking performance, and can be used in a selective hydrogenation process of C2 fraction.

A hydrocarbon burner for an enclosed environment includes a heat exchanger having a first heat exchanger inlet connected to an inlet of the hydrocarbon burner and a first heat exchanger outlet connected to a heater, and a second heat exchanger inlet connected to a reactor outlet and a second heat exchanger outlet connected to an outlet of the hydrocarbon burner. A reactor includes a reactor inlet, the reactor outlet, and a catalyst mixture disposed in a reactor bed between the reactor inlet and the reactor outlet. The heater connects the first heat exchanger outlet to the reactor inlet. The reactor is a low temperature reactor configured to convert at least one hydrocarbon to at least one of H2O and CO2.