The present disclosure provides methods to produce 5-(halomethyl)furfural, including 5-(chloromethyl)furfural, by acid-catalyzed conversion of C6 saccharides, including isomers thereof, polymers thereof, and certain derivatives thereof. The methods make use of acids with lower concentrations, and allows for conversion of sugars into 5-(halomethyl)furfural at higher temperatures and faster reaction or residence times.

Provided is a method for amidating a hydroxy ester compound at a high chemical selectivity. The amidation reaction method for a hydroxy ester compound comprises, in the presence of a catalyst containing a compound of a transition metal of the group 4 or group 5 in the periodic table, reacting at least one kind of hydroxy ester compound selected from the group consisting of an -hydroxy ester compound, a -hydroxy ester compound, a -hydroxy ester compound and a -hydroxy ester compound with an amino compound so as to amidate an ester group having a hydroxyl group at the -, -, - or -position of the hydroxy ester compound.

The present invention relates to a method of preparing a catalyst for oxidative dehydrogenation. More particularly, the present invention provides a method of preparing a catalyst for oxidative dehydrogenation providing superior selectivity and yield for a conjugated diene according to oxidative dehydrogenation by constantly maintaining pH of a coprecipitation solution using a drip-type double precipitation method to adjust an -iron oxide content in a catalyst in a predetermined range.

The present invention relates to a method of preparing a catalyst for oxidative dehydrogenation. More particularly, the present invention provides a method of preparing a catalyst for oxidative dehydrogenation providing superior selectivity and yield for a conjugated diene according to oxidative dehydrogenation by constantly maintaining pH of a coprecipitation solution using a drip-type double precipitation method to adjust an -iron oxide content in a catalyst in a predetermined range.

A reaction process comprises feeding a feed stream comprising a hydrocarbon into a vessel, reacting the feed stream in the vessel, producing solid carbon and a gas phase product based on the contacting of the feed stream with the molten salt mixture, separating the gas phase product from the molten salt mixture, and separating the solid carbon from the molten salt mixture to produce a solid carbon product. The vessel comprises a molten salt mixture, and the molten salt mixture comprises a reactive component.

A reaction process comprises feeding a feed stream comprising a hydrocarbon into a vessel, reacting the feed stream in the vessel, producing solid carbon and a gas phase product based on the contacting of the feed stream with the molten salt mixture, separating the gas phase product from the molten salt mixture, and separating the solid carbon from the molten salt mixture to produce a solid carbon product. The vessel comprises a molten salt mixture, and the molten salt mixture comprises a reactive component.

The invention relates to process for the manufacture or preparation of fluorinated benzene, in particular monofluorobenzene, in a vapor-phase fluorination process. The process of the invention, for example, can comprise a batch or continuous manufacture or preparation of fluorinated benzene, in particular monofluorobenzene, using hydrogen fluoride (HF) in gas phase as fluorination gas. Also, in this process of the invention, for example, fluorination catalysts are involved.

The invention relates to process for the manufacture or preparation of fluorinated benzene, in particular monofluorobenzene, in a vapor-phase fluorination process. The process of the invention, for example, can comprise a batch or continuous manufacture or preparation of fluorinated benzene, in particular monofluorobenzene, using hydrogen fluoride (HF) in gas phase as fluorination gas. Also, in this process of the invention, for example, fluorination catalysts are involved.

Silica-coated alumina activator-supports, and catalyst compositions containing these activator-supports, are disclosed. Methods also are provided for preparing silica-coated alumina activator-supports, for preparing catalyst compositions, and for using the catalyst compositions to polymerize olefins.

Methods for producing supported catalysts containing a transition metal and a bound zeolite base are disclosed. These methods employ a step of impregnating the bound zeolite base with the transition metal, fluorine, and high loadings of chlorine. The resultant high chlorine content supported catalysts have improved catalyst activity in aromatization reactions.