The present invention describes method of preparation of amides of lactyl lactates of general formula I, where Z denotes to group of RRN and R represent alkyl, aryl or H from lactide and the lactide reacts with an aliphatic or aromatic amine with 1 to 100 carbon atoms of general formula RRNH or with an aliphatic or aromatic ammonium hydrohalide with 1 to 100 carbon atoms of general formula RRNH.Math.HX, where X is selected from Cl, Br and I in a non-chlorinated organic aliphatic or aromatic solvent or in a melted mixture of lactide under solvent free condition, and when lactide reacts with amine, initiator derived from group of Lewis acids of halides of 4., 12., 13., and 14. group is added. ##STR00001##

Process for the ruthenium-catalysed hydrogenation of aldehyde acetals.

Process for the ruthenium-catalysed hydrogenation of aldehyde acetals.

A catalyst for improving emissions and fuel efficiency in combustion chambers may include aluminum chloride, cerium (III) chloride, deionized water, propylene glycol, lithium chloride, chloroplatinic acid, rhodium chloride, perrhenic acid, and a pH adjuster, such as lithium hydroxide or hydrochloric acid reagent. A method of improving emissions and fuel efficiency in combustion chambers while simultaneously enhancing combustion of hydrocarbons may include introducing the catalyst via a vaporous transport into the flame zone of a combustion chamber.

A catalyst for improving emissions and fuel efficiency in combustion chambers may include aluminum chloride, cerium (III) chloride, deionized water, propylene glycol, lithium chloride, chloroplatinic acid, rhodium chloride, perrhenic acid, and a pH adjuster, such as lithium hydroxide or hydrochloric acid reagent. A method of improving emissions and fuel efficiency in combustion chambers while simultaneously enhancing combustion of hydrocarbons may include introducing the catalyst via a vaporous transport into the flame zone of a combustion chamber.

An object of the present invention is to provide a novel method for producing 3-chloro-1,1,1,5,5,5-hexafluoro-2-pentene. Provided is a method for producing 3-chloro-1,1,1,5,5,5-hexafluoro-2-pentene, comprising a step of reacting 1,1,1,3,3,5,5,5-octachloropentane with hydrogen fluoride. Also provided are a method for producing 3-chloro-1,1,1,5,5,5-hexafluoro-2-pentene, comprising a step of reacting 1,1,3-trichloro-5,5,5-trifluoro-1,3-pentadiene with hydrogen fluoride, and a method for producing 3-chloro-1,1,1,5,5,5-hexafluoro-2-pentene, comprising a step of reacting 1,1,3,5,5,5-hexachloro-1,3-pentadiene with hydrogen fluoride.

A microwave-assisted catalytic amidation of amines with acids using a combination of a catalyst and an additive in the presence of a bio-renewable green organic solvent.

A microwave-assisted catalytic amidation of amines with acids using a combination of a catalyst and an additive in the presence of a bio-renewable green organic solvent.

Processes for activating a high-chlorine content aromatization catalyst in a reactor system include the steps of contacting the aromatization catalyst with an inert gas stream in the reactor system at a drying temperature of 300-400 C. to form a treated catalyst, and then contacting the treated catalyst with a reducing gas stream in the reactor system to form an activated catalyst. Subsequently, a hydrocarbon feed can be contacted with the activated catalyst under reforming conditions in the reactor system to produce an aromatic product.

Disclosed herein is a method of obtaining an oligosaccharide amphiphile. Also disclosed herein is an oligosaccharide amphiphile obtained by the method, as well as micelles, surfactants, and compositions comprising said oligosaccharide amphiphile obtained by the method disclosed herein.