In accordance with one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, a catalyst composition includes a catalyst support and at least one hydrogenative component disposed on the catalyst support. The catalyst support includes at least one USY zeolite having a framework substituted with titanium and zirconium. The framework-substituted USY zeolite comprises at least one rare earth element. Methods of making and using such a catalyst in a hydrocracking process are also disclosed.

The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of a zeolitic material comprising YO.sub.2 in its framework structure, wherein Y stands for a tetravalent element, wherein said process comprises the steps of: (1) providing a mixture comprising one or more sources for YO.sub.2, one or more fluoride containing compounds, and one or more structure directing agents; (2) crystallizing the mixture obtained in step (1) for obtaining a zeolitic material comprising YO.sub.2 in its framework structure;
wherein the mixture provided in step (1) and crystallized in step (2) contains 35 wt.-% or less of H.sub.2O based on 100 wt.-% of YO.sub.2 contained in the mixture provided in step (1) and crystallized in step (2), as well as to a zeolitic material comprising YO.sub.2 in its framework structure obtainable and/or obtained according to said process, and to a zeolitic material per se comprising SiO.sub.2 in its framework structure, wherein in the .sup.29Si MAS NMR spectrum of the as-synthesized zeolitic material the ratio of the total integration value of the peaks associated to Q3 signals to the total integration value of the peaks associated to Q4 signals is in the range of from 0:100 to 20:80, including the use of the aforementioned zeolitic materials.

This invention relates to process for producing biphenyl esters, the process comprising: (a) contacting a feed comprising toluene, xylene or mixtures thereof with hydrogen in the presence of a hydroalkylation catalyst to produce a hydroalkylation reaction product comprising (methylcyclohexyl)toluene, wherein the hydroalkylation catalyst comprises: 1) binder present at 40 wt % or less (based upon weight of final catalyst composition), 2) a hydrogenation component present at 0.2 wt % or less (based upon weight of final catalyst composition), and 3) an acidic component comprising a molecular sieve having a twelve membered (or larger) ring pore opening, channel or pocket and a largest pore dimension of 6.0 angstroms or more present at 60 wt % or more, (based upon weight of final catalyst composition); (b) dehydrogenating the hydroalkylation reaction product using a dehydrogenation catalyst to produce a dehydrogenation reaction product comprising a mixture of methyl-substituted biphenyl compounds; (c) contacting at the dehydrogenation reaction product with an oxidizing gas to convert the methyl-substituted biphenyl compounds to biphenyl carboxylic acids; and (d) reacting the biphenyl carboxylic acids with one or more C.sub.1 to C.sub.14 alcohols to produce biphenyl esters.

The invention is to provide a method for producing a metal-supported zeolite for alcoholic beverages capable of efficiently removing unwanted components contained in alcoholic beverages to thereby reduce silver release, and the metal-supported zeolite for alcoholic beverages, and to provide a method for producing alcoholic beverages using the metal-supported zeolite for alcoholic beverages. For solution to problem, the production method for the metal-supported zeolite for alcoholic beverages of the invention is a production method for a metal-supported zeolite for alcoholic beverages for removing unwanted components contained in alcoholic beverages, and includes a first ion-exchange treatment step of processing a zeolite carrying a metal ion with an ammonium ion-containing aqueous solution to thereby exchange the metal ion in the zeolite for an ammonium ion, the zeolite containing a Y-type zeolite as the main ingredient, and a second ion-exchange treatment step of processing the ammonium ion-supported zeolite obtained in the previous ion-exchange treatment step with a silver ion-containing acidic aqueous solution to thereby exchange the ammonium ion therein with a silver ion.

A method for making a metal carbide based catalyst for crude oil cracking includes mixing a clay with a phosphorous based stabilizer material to obtain a liquid slurry; adding an aluminosilicate zeolite and an ultrastable Y zeolite to the liquid slurry; adding Al.sub.2Cl(OH).sub.5 to the liquid slurry; adding metal carbide particles, having a given diameter, to the liquid slurry to obtain a mixture; and spray drying the mixture to obtain the metal carbide based catalyst. The metal carbide particles are coated with the aluminosilicate zeolite and the ultrastable Y zeolite.

An improved process and catalyst composition for cracking hydrocarbons in a fluidized cracking process are disclosed. The process employs circulating inventory of a regenerated cracking having a minimal carbon content. The regenerated catalyst comprises a catalyst/additive composition which contains a pentasil zeolite, iron oxide, and a phosphorous compound. In accordance with the present disclosure, the catalyst/additive contains controlled amounts of iron oxide which is maintained in an oxidized state by maintaining low amounts of carbon on the regenerated catalyst inventory. In this manner it was discovered that the catalyst composition greatly enhances the production and selectivity of light hydrocarbons, such as propylene.

An improved process and catalyst composition for cracking hydrocarbons in a fluidized cracking process are disclosed. The process employs circulating inventory of a regenerated cracking having a minimal carbon content. The regenerated catalyst comprises a catalyst/additive composition which contains a pentasil zeolite, iron oxide, and a phosphorous compound. In accordance with the present disclosure, the catalyst/additive contains controlled amounts of iron oxide which is maintained in an oxidized state by maintaining low amounts of carbon on the regenerated catalyst inventory. In this manner it was discovered that the catalyst composition greatly enhances the production and selectivity of light hydrocarbons, such as propylene.

A supported catalyst has a support and a metal active component disposed on the support. The metal active component is at least one selected from the group consisting of a Group VIB metal element and a Group VIII metal element. The support contains at least one of heat-resistant inorganic oxides and molecular sieves and includes an internal channel penetrating the support. The ratio of the cross-section area of the channel to the cross-section area of the support is 0.05-3:100. The difference R between the water absorption rate and the BET pore volume of the support is not less than 0.2 mL/g. The supported catalyst can be used as a hydrogenation catalyst. When used in the hydrocracking of hydrocarbon oils, it can achieve high catalytic activity and high yield of jet fuels at the same time. The supported catalyst can also be used as a Fischer-Tropsch synthesis catalyst.

A supported catalyst has a support and a metal active component disposed on the support. The metal active component is at least one selected from the group consisting of a Group VIB metal element and a Group VIII metal element. The support contains at least one of heat-resistant inorganic oxides and molecular sieves and includes an internal channel penetrating the support. The ratio of the cross-section area of the channel to the cross-section area of the support is 0.05-3:100. The difference R between the water absorption rate and the BET pore volume of the support is not less than 0.2 mL/g. The supported catalyst can be used as a hydrogenation catalyst. When used in the hydrocracking of hydrocarbon oils, it can achieve high catalytic activity and high yield of jet fuels at the same time. The supported catalyst can also be used as a Fischer-Tropsch synthesis catalyst.

A process for dehydrating methanol to dimethyl ether using a Brønsted acid catalyst which is a 1-dimensional or a 3-dimensional aluminosilicate zeolite or a heteropolyacid, and a promoter of Formula I C.sub.nH.sub.(2n+1)CO.sub.2CH.sub.3 wherein n=1 to 11 or Formula II C.sub.mH.sub.2m(CO.sub.2CH.sub.3).sub.2 wherein m=2 to 7 and the molar ratio of promoter to methanol is maintained at less than 1.