A process for making ortho alkoxy bisphenol monomers includes contacting an (alk-1-enyl)alkoxyphenol (type 1) with an alkoxyphenol (type 2) in the presence of an acidic catalyst. Both type of renewable phenols (type 1 and 2) can be generated from lignocellulosic biomass. The use of such alkoxy phenols as a precursor to bisphenol monomers has the potential to reduce the cost and environmental impact of structural materials, while meeting or exceeding the performance of current petroleum-derived polymers, such as thermoplastics and thermoset resins.

A process for making ortho alkoxy bisphenol monomers includes contacting an (alk-1-enyl)alkoxyphenol (type 1) with an alkoxyphenol (type 2) in the presence of an acidic catalyst. Both type of renewable phenols (type 1 and 2) can be generated from lignocellulosic biomass. The use of such alkoxy phenols as a precursor to bisphenol monomers has the potential to reduce the cost and environmental impact of structural materials, while meeting or exceeding the performance of current petroleum-derived polymers, such as thermoplastics and thermoset resins.

The invention discloses a bifunctional additive for increasing low-carbon olefins and reducing slurry in cracking product, wherein the dry-basis components of said additive is as follows: 40˜55 wt % of phosphorus-containing MFI zeolite, 0˜10 wt % of large pore type Y and Beta zeolites, 3˜20 wt % of inorganic binder, 8˜22 wt % of inorganic matrix composed of alumina and amorphous silica-alumina and 15˜40 wt % of clay. The bifunctional additive is mainly used to facilitate production rate of cracked LPG and increase concentration of propylene in LPG and octane number of produced the gasoline, and at the same time reduce the yield of slurry in the cracking products. The invention also discloses its preparation method and application of said additive.

A rare earth-containing Y zeolite has at least two mesopore pore-size distributions at 2-3 nanometers and 3-4 nanometers. A catalytic cracking catalyst contains the rare earth-containing Y zeolite. When used in the catalytic cracking of heavy oil, the catalytic cracking catalyst provided has excellent heavy oil conversion ability, higher gasoline yield, and lower coke selectivity.

A catalyst structure includes a porous support structure, where the support structure includes an aluminosilicate material. Any two or more metals are loaded in the porous support structure, the two or more metals selected from the group consisting of Ga, Ag, Mo, Zn, Co and Ce, where each metal loaded in the porous support structure is present in an amount from about 0.1 wt % to about 20 wt %. In example embodiments, the catalyst structure includes three or more of the metals loaded in the porous support structure. The catalyst structure is used in a hydrocarbon upgrading process that is conducted in the presence of methane, nitrogen or hydrogen.

The present invention relates to the catalytic processes for rendering harmless the flue gases of the power stations or more precisely to the catalysts for sulfur oxides reduction to elemental sulfur. The novel catalyst presents the binary polycations of copper and zinc or copper and manganese incorporated into the low silica faujasite X (LSX) having transition metals ratio Cu:Zn or Cu:Mn in the range of 2:1 to 4:1.

Embodiments of the present disclosure are directed to a process for modifying catalysts comprising introducing a precursor agent and hydrogen gas to a conversion reactor; contacting the precursor agent with a conversion catalyst in the conversion reactor, thereby producing an active agent; introducing the active agent to a production reactor; and contacting the active agent with a hydroprocessing catalyst in the production reactor, thereby producing a modified hydroprocessing catalyst.

In accordance with one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, a catalyst composition includes a catalyst support and at least one hydrogenative component disposed on the catalyst support. The catalyst support includes at least one USY zeolite having a framework substituted with titanium and zirconium. The framework-substituted USY zeolite comprises at least one rare earth element. Methods of making and using such a catalyst in a hydrocracking process are also disclosed.

A fluid catalytic cracking catalyst composition (FCC catalyst composition) includes a framework-substituted ultra-stable Y-type zeolite (USY zeolite) having one or more transition metals substituted into the framework of a USY zeolite and a FCC zeolite cracking additive. A method for upgrading a hydrocarbon feed includes contacting the hydrocarbon feed with the FCC catalyst composition of the present disclosure at reaction conditions sufficient to upgrade at least a portion of the hydrocarbon feed. A method for upgrading a hydrocarbon feed includes passing the hydrocarbon feed to a fluid catalytic cracking unit, contacting the hydrocarbon feed with a FCC catalyst composition in the fluid catalytic cracking unit under reaction conditions sufficient to cause at least a portion of the hydrocarbon feed to undergo cracking reactions to produce a cracking reaction mixture comprising a used FCC catalyst composition and a cracked effluent comprising one or more olefins.

In order to specify a catalytic converter, especially SCR catalytic converter, with maximum catalytic activity, this catalytic converter has at least one catalytically active component and additionally at least one porous inorganic filler component having meso- or macroporosity. The organic porous filler component has a proportion of about 5 to 50% by weight. More particularly, a diatomaceous earth or a pillared clay material is used as the porous inorganic filler component.