A method for directly preparing p-xylene from synthetic gas and aromatic hydrocarbon. The method includes contacting the feedstock containing synthetic gas and aromatic hydrocarbon excluding p-xylene with the catalyst in the reaction zone under reaction conditions sufficient to convert at least part of the feedstock to obtain a reaction effluent containing p-xylene; and separating p-xylene from the reaction effluent, where the catalyst includes a highly dispersed metal oxide material confined by an inert carrier, an acidic molecular sieve, and optionally at least one of graphite powder and dispersant, where in the highly dispersed metal oxide material confined by the inert carrier, the inert carrier is at least one of silicon oxide and alumina, and the content of the metal oxide in terms of metal is less than or equal to 10% by mass calculated based on the weight of the highly dispersed metal oxide material confined by the inert carrier.

Provided are a bifunctional catalyst for deep desulfurization and gasoline quality improvement and a preparation method therefore and a use thereof. The bifunctional catalyst includes a modified catalyst and a loaded active metal, where the modified catalyst carrier is a γ-Al.sub.2O.sub.3 modified with a rare earth element, or the modified catalyst carrier is a composite carrier prepared by mixing and calcinating γ-Al.sub.2O.sub.3 and an acid molecular sieve through a binder, and then modifying with the rare earth element. The bifunctional catalyst for deep desulfurization and gasoline quality improvement can achieve deep desulfurization of high-sulfur fluid catalytic cracking gasoline, and ensure no significant loss of octane number under relatively mild conditions.

Provided are a bifunctional catalyst for deep desulfurization and gasoline quality improvement and a preparation method therefore and a use thereof. The bifunctional catalyst includes a modified catalyst and a loaded active metal, where the modified catalyst carrier is a γ-Al.sub.2O.sub.3 modified with a rare earth element, or the modified catalyst carrier is a composite carrier prepared by mixing and calcinating γ-Al.sub.2O.sub.3 and an acid molecular sieve through a binder, and then modifying with the rare earth element. The bifunctional catalyst for deep desulfurization and gasoline quality improvement can achieve deep desulfurization of high-sulfur fluid catalytic cracking gasoline, and ensure no significant loss of octane number under relatively mild conditions.

Examples described herein provide a method of making a nano-sized zeolite. The method comprises dissolving an aluminum source in a first portion of an aqueous solution of a templating agent to form a first mixture. The first mixture is added to a slurry of a silica source in a second portion of the aqueous solution of a templating agent to form an aluminosilicate fluid gel. The aluminosilicate fluid gel is stirred to allow reaction. The aluminosilicate fluid gel is dried to form a dry gel and the dry gel is hydrothermal treated in a hydrothermal treatment holder to form a solid product. The solid product is washed, dried, and calcined.

Examples described herein provide a method of making a nano-sized zeolite. The method comprises dissolving an aluminum source in a first portion of an aqueous solution of a templating agent to form a first mixture. The first mixture is added to a slurry of a silica source in a second portion of the aqueous solution of a templating agent to form an aluminosilicate fluid gel. The aluminosilicate fluid gel is stirred to allow reaction. The aluminosilicate fluid gel is dried to form a dry gel and the dry gel is hydrothermal treated in a hydrothermal treatment holder to form a solid product. The solid product is washed, dried, and calcined.

Embodiments of the disclosure provide a method for producing light olefins from a hydrocarbon feed. The hydrocarbon feed and a water feed are introduced to a reactor to produce an effluent stream. The reactor is operated at a temperature and pressure such that cracking reactions occur in the reactor. The reactor includes a catalyst bed including a nanoscale zeolite catalyst having a crystal size ranging between 10 nm and 300 nm. The effluent stream includes the light olefins. The effluent stream is introduced to a first separator to produce a gas phase fraction and a liquid phase fraction. The gas phase fraction includes the light olefins. The liquid phase fraction is introduced to a second separator to produce a liquid hydrocarbon stream and a spent water stream.

Embodiments of the disclosure provide a method for producing light olefins from a hydrocarbon feed. The hydrocarbon feed and a water feed are introduced to a reactor to produce an effluent stream. The reactor is operated at a temperature and pressure such that cracking reactions occur in the reactor. The reactor includes a catalyst bed including a nanoscale zeolite catalyst having a crystal size ranging between 10 nm and 300 nm. The effluent stream includes the light olefins. The effluent stream is introduced to a first separator to produce a gas phase fraction and a liquid phase fraction. The gas phase fraction includes the light olefins. The liquid phase fraction is introduced to a second separator to produce a liquid hydrocarbon stream and a spent water stream.

Provided are a pentasil-type zeolite that is less likely to adsorb water compared to conventional zeolites and has excellent strength when used as a molded body, and a method for producing the pentasil-type zeolite.

A pentasil-type zeolite having a water adsorption amount of 4.0 g/100 g-zeolite or less under the conditions of 25° C. and a relative humidity of 90% and having a major axis diameter of primary particles of from 0.2 μm to 4.0 μm, and a method for producing the pentasil-type zeolite.

Provided are a pentasil-type zeolite that is less likely to adsorb water compared to conventional zeolites and has excellent strength when used as a molded body, and a method for producing the pentasil-type zeolite.

A pentasil-type zeolite having a water adsorption amount of 4.0 g/100 g-zeolite or less under the conditions of 25° C. and a relative humidity of 90% and having a major axis diameter of primary particles of from 0.2 μm to 4.0 μm, and a method for producing the pentasil-type zeolite.

A method for producing a cluster-supporting catalyst, the cluster-supporting catalyst including porous carrier particles that has acid sites, and catalyst metal clusters supported within the pores of the porous carrier particles, includes the following steps: providing a dispersion liquid containing a dispersion medium and the porous carrier particles dispersed in the dispersion medium; and in the dispersion liquid, forming catalyst metal clusters having a positive charge, and supporting the catalyst metal clusters on the acid sites within the pores of the porous carrier particles through an electrostatic interaction.