The disclosure provides methods for the production of liquefied petroleum gas from sustainable feedstocks, including methods comprising conversion of alcohols produced by gas fermentation for the production of propane and/or butane.

An RMA crosslinkable composition for making thick coating layers having at least one crosslinkable component comprising reactive components A and B each including at least 2 reactive groups wherein the at least 2 reactive groups of component A are acidic protons (CH) in activated methylene or methine groups, and the at least 2 reactive groups of component B are activated unsaturated groups (CC), to achieve crosslinking by Real Michael Addition reaction, the composition further including a base catalyst (C), an XH group containing component (D) that is also a Michael addition donor reactable with component B under the action of catalyst C, wherein X is C, N, P, O or S and a sag control component (E). A crosslinkable composition is also disclosed for preparing thick coating layers having a dry thickness of at least 70 mu having a surface appearance and hardness of the resulting cured composition.

Catalyst compositions, methods of making catalysts, and methods of conducting Fischer-Tropsch (FT) reactions are described. It has been discovered that a combination of large crystallite size and high porosity results in catalysts and FT catalyst systems with high stability and low methane selectivity.

A hydroprocessing co-catalyst composition may comprise in an embodiment a first component comprising co-catalyst particles and a liquid carrier, and a second component comprising a dispersant and a dispersant diluent. The co-catalyst particles may be in the micron size range, and the dispersant may promote dispersion of the co-catalyst particles in materials such as the liquid carrier, the dispersant diluent, and combinations thereof. Methods of introducing a hydroprocessing co-catalyst composition into a hydroprocessing system are also disclosed.

Provided are a titanium dioxide-coated upconverting nanoparticle (UCNP) and a photocatalyst complex containing a gold nanorod (GNR) combined with the titanium dioxide-coated UCNP.

An RMA crosslinkable composition for making thick coating layers having at least one crosslinkable component comprising reactive components A and B each including at least 2 reactive groups wherein the at least 2 reactive groups of component A are acidic protons (CH) in activated methylene or methine groups, and the at least 2 reactive groups of component B are activated unsaturated groups (CC), to achieve crosslinking by Real Michael Addition reaction, the composition further including a base catalyst (C), an XH group containing component (D) that is also a Michael addition donor reactable with component B under the action of catalyst C, wherein X is C, N, P, O or S and a sag control component (E). A crosslinkable composition is also disclosed for preparing thick coating layers having a dry thickness of at least 70 mu having a surface appearance and hardness of the resulting cured composition.

Described herein is a Pd- and Au-containing shell catalyst having an improved distribution of Pd. Also described are two processes for producing this catalyst and a process for producing vinyl acetate monomer using this catalyst.

A method utilizes a natural juice as a reaction medium and catalyst for the reaction between an amine and an organic compound to form a pyrrole. The method includes reacting an amine with an organic compound in a condensation reaction in which the juice functions as an organic catalyst.