Methods of preparing fluorinated compounds by carboxylative fluorination using fluoride are contained herein. Fluorinated compounds are provided. Methods of using fluorinated compounds are contained herein.

A method comprising a) contacting a solvent, a carboxylic acid, and a peroxide-containing compound to form an acidic mixture wherein a weight ratio of solvent to carboxylic acid in the acidic mixture is from about 1:1 to about 100:1; b) contacting a titanium-containing compound and the acidic mixture to form a solubilized titanium mixture wherein an equivalent molar ratio of titanium-containing compound to carboxylic acid in the solubilized titanium mixture is from about 1:1 to about 1:4 and an equivalent molar ratio of titanium-containing compound to peroxide-containing compound in the solubilized titanium mixture is from about 1:1 to about 1:20; and c) contacting a chromium-silica support comprising from about 0.1 wt. % to about 20 wt. % water and the solubilized titanium mixture to form an addition product and drying the addition product by heating to a temperature in a range of from about 50° C. to about 150° C. and maintaining the temperature in the range of from about 50° C. to about 150° C. for a time period of from about 30 minutes to about 6 hours to form a pre-catalyst.

A method comprising a) contacting a solvent, a carboxylic acid, and a peroxide-containing compound to form an acidic mixture wherein a weight ratio of solvent to carboxylic acid in the acidic mixture is from about 1:1 to about 100:1; b) contacting a titanium-containing compound and the acidic mixture to form a solubilized titanium mixture wherein an equivalent molar ratio of titanium-containing compound to carboxylic acid in the solubilized titanium mixture is from about 1:1 to about 1:4 and an equivalent molar ratio of titanium-containing compound to peroxide-containing compound in the solubilized titanium mixture is from about 1:1 to about 1:20; and c) contacting a chromium-silica support comprising from about 0.1 wt. % to about 20 wt. % water and the solubilized titanium mixture to form an addition product and drying the addition product by heating to a temperature in a range of from about 50° C. to about 150° C. and maintaining the temperature in the range of from about 50° C. to about 150° C. for a time period of from about 30 minutes to about 6 hours to form a pre-catalyst.

A highly active hydroprocessing catalyst that comprises an inorganic oxide support particle having been impregnated with a metals-impregnation solution comprising a complexing agent and a hydrogenation metal that is further incorporated with an organic additive blend.

A highly active hydroprocessing catalyst that comprises a doped support having been impregnated with a metal-impregnation solution, comprising a complexing agent and a hydrogenation metal, and filled with an organic additive blend. The catalyst is made by providing a doped support particle followed by impregnating the doped support particle with a metal impregnation solution that contains both a hydrogenation metal component and a complexing agent component to provide a metal-impregnated doped support particle. The metal-impregnated doped support particle is dried, but not calcined, and impregnated with an organic additive blend component.

A highly active hydroprocessing catalyst that comprises a doped support impregnated with at lease one hydrogenation metal component and filled with an organic additive blend. The catalyst is made by providing a doped support particle followed by impregnating the doped support particle with a metal impregnation solution to provide a metal-impregnated doped support particle. The metal-impregnated doped support particle is dried but not calcined and impregnated with an organic additive blend component.

A process for the selective hydrogenation of polyunsaturated compounds containing at least 2 carbon atoms per molecule, contained in a hydrocarbon feedstock having a final boiling point below or equal to 300 C. in the presence of a catalyst comprising an alumina support and an active phase comprising nickel, said active phase not comprising a metal from Group VIB, said catalyst being prepared by a process comprising at least: i) a step of bringing said support into contact with at least one solution containing at least one nickel precursor; ii) a step of bringing said support into contact with at least one solution containing at least one organic compound comprising at least one carboxylic acid function; iii) a step of drying said impregnated support at a temperature below 250 C.;
steps i) and ii) being carried out separately, in any order.

The challenge of the present invention is to provide a multilayer filter medium whose deodorizing performance after a long-term storage of the filter medium is suppressed from deteriorating and which is superior in deodorizing performance and exhibits low pressure drop. A multilayer filter medium includes three or more nonwoven fabric layers superposed together and has two or more interlayer regions each formed by two adjacent layers of the nonwoven fabric layers, in which a first interlayer region of the interlayer regions contains functional particles A having an average particle diameter of 50 to 100 m, and a second interlayer region selected from the interlayer regions excluding the first interlayer region contains functional particles B having an average particle diameter of 150 to 500 m.

Provided are a photocatalyst composition that provides a strong photocatalytic effect with visible light, a photocatalyst composition solution using the photocatalyst composition, a photocatalyst member, a method for using the photocatalyst composition, and a space disinfection method. The photocatalyst composition contains a compound (A) having an isoalloxazine skeleton or an alloxazine skeleton and a sacrificial agent (B).

An alkylation process is described. The alkylation process includes contacting a feed comprising a paraffin or an aromatic with an olefin feed in the presence of a liquid Lewis acid catalyst in an alkylation reaction zone under alkylation conditions to form a reaction mixture comprising alkylation products and the liquid Lewis acid catalyst. The liquid Lewis acid catalyst is the liquid reaction product of a donor molecule and a metal halide. The alkylation products are separated from the liquid Lewis acid catalyst and recovered.