Described is a catalyst system useful in the production of bisphenol-A comprises (a) an acidic heterogeneous catalyst comprising amorphous silica having organosulfonic acid groups chemically bonded thereto, wherein the catalyst has a pKa value of 3.5 or less; and (b) a catalyst promoter comprising at least one organic sulfur-containing compound.

The present disclosure relates to catalysts for making sulfur-containing polymeric materials. In particular, the disclosure provides catalysts, and the method of using the same, for making sulfur-containing polymeric materials through inverse vulcanization at a temperature that is lower than 150 C.

A method for producing 9,9-bis(3-phenyl-4-(2-hydroxyethoxy)phenyl)fluorene is provided. The method includes the steps of: performing a condensation reaction with fluorenone and 2-[(2-phenyl)phenoxy]ethanol in the presence of a catalyst and co-catalyst, wherein the catalyst is alkylsulfonic acid, and the co-catalyst is a mercapto-containing compound, thereby effectively reducing the formation of a by-product, such that the product has characteristics of low chroma, high purity, and high yield.

A catalytic composition and process for using same. The catalyst may be utilized for an oxidation reaction, for example, for the conversion of mercaptans to disulfides. The catalyst includes a metal component, for example, cobalt phthalocyanine structure. The organic component may comprise any number of different oxidation promoters that are capable of promoting the reduction of oxygen, preferably in a caustic, environment. The organic component may comprise an unsaturated six member ring having at least five carbon atoms, and wherein the sixth member of the six member ring is either C or N, and in which at least two substituent groups are present on the six membered ring.

This invention relates to catalysts for polyesterol synthesis and the use of a di-thio compound as catalyst for the production of polyester-polyols.

A catalyst system useful in the production of bisphenol-A comprises (a) an acidic heterogeneous catalyst; (b) a first catalyst promoter comprising at least one organic sulfur-containing compound; and (c) a second catalyst promoter different from the first catalyst promoter and comprising at least one organic Brnsted acidic ionic compound.

Provided is a catalyst composition comprising (a) a collection of resin beads having sulfonic acid functional groups, (b) a promoter having a thiol group and an amine group, and (c) an antioxidant having the structure (I)

##STR00001## wherein each of R.sup.1 and R.sup.2, and R.sup.3 is hydrogen or a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl or alkenyl group wherein n is 0 to 10, with the proviso that when R.sup.3 contains one or more nitrogen atoms, n is not 1 or 2.

Provided is a composition comprising a) a stable aqueous dispersion of polymer particles, b) a sorbic acid ester, c) a photocatalyst and d) a free radical precursor. The composition provides a way to increase Koenig hardness of a coating rapidly and with reduced yellowing.

The polymer-supported chelating agent is polyisobutylene having a thiol-thioether terminal group. The polymer-supported chelating agent is made by reaction of the terminal carbon double bond of polyisobutylene with 1,2-ethanedithiol in a one-step click reaction, resulting in PIB functionalized with a thiol-thioether sequestering group. In use, the polymer-supported chelating agent is added to a biphasic solvent system containing a transition metal in solution for removal of the transition metal by liquid/liquid extraction. The transition metal is chelated or sequestered by the chelating agent and removed in a nonpolar organic phase, such as heptane.

A method of making an anti-Markovnikov addition product, comprises reacting an acid with an alkene or alkyne in a dual catalyst reaction system to the exclusion of oxygen to produce said anti-Markovnikov addition product; the dual catalyst reaction system comprising a single electron oxidation catalyst in combination with a hydrogen atom donor catalyst. Dual catalyst composition useful for carrying out such methods are also described.