High activity metal nanoparticle catalysts, such as Pd or Pt nanoparticle catalysts, are provided. Adsorption of metal precursors such as Pd or Pt precursors onto carbon based materials such as graphene followed by solventless (or low-solvent) microwave irradiation at ambient conditions results in the formation of catalysts in which metal nanoparticles are supported on i) the surface of the carbon based materials and ii) in/on/within defects/holes in the carbon based materials.

Disclosed is a process for the preparation of cis-1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluoro-2-butene comprising contacting 1,1,1-trifluorotrichloroethane with hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst comprising ruthenium to produce a product mixture comprising 1316mxx, recovering said 1316mxx as a mixture of Z- and E-isomers, contacting said 1316mxx with hydrogen, in the presence of a catalyst selected from the group consisting of copper on carbon, nickel on carbon, copper and nickel on carbon and copper and palladium on carbon, to produce a second product mixture, comprising E- or ZCFC-1326mxz, and subjecting said second product mixture to a separation step to provide E- or Z-1326mxz. The E- or Z-1326mxz can be dehydrochlorinated in an aqueous basic solution with an alkali metal hydroxide in the presence of a phase transfer catalyst to produce hexafluoro-2-butyne, which can then be selectively hydrogenated to produce Z-1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluoro-2-butene using either Lindlar's catalyst, or a palladium catalyst further comprising a lanthanide element or silver.

The invention provides a method for generating alkenes, the method having the steps of contacting an alkane with catalyst clusters no greater than 10 nm for a time sufficient to convert the alkane to alkene.

A method for preparing methyl methacrylate from methacrolein and methanol. The method comprises contacting in a reactor a mixture comprising methacrolein, methanol and oxygen with a heterogeneous catalyst comprising a support and a noble metal, wherein said catalyst has an average diameter of at least 200 microns, wherein oxygen concentration at a reactor outlet is from 0.5 to 7.5 mol % and wherein the reactor comprises a partition with the catalyst bed on a first side of the partition and with flow through the catalyst bed in a first direction and flow on a second side of the partition in an opposite direction.

Provided are a structured catalyst for CO shift or reverse shift that can realize a long life time by suppressing the decline in function, a method for producing the same, a CO shift or reverse shift reactor, a method for producing carbon dioxide and hydrogen, and a method for producing carbon monoxide and water. The structured catalyst for CO shift or reverse shift (1) includes a support (10) of a porous structure composed of a zeolite-type compound, and at least one CO shift or reverse shift catalytic substance (20) present in the support (10), the support (10) has channels (11) connecting with each other, and the CO shift or reverse shift catalytic substance (20) is present at least in the channels (11) of the support (10).

An object of the present disclosure is to provide a structured photocatalyst that can effectively prevent aggregation of photocatalyst particles and maintain favorable photocatalytic functionality over a long period of time. A structured photocatalyst including a support of porous structure including a zeolite-type compound and at least one photocatalytic substance present in the support, the support including channels connecting with each other, and the photocatalytic substance including metal oxide nanoparticles and being present at least at the channels of the support.

The structured catalyst for oxidation for exhaust gas purification includes a support having a porous structure constituted by a zeolite-type compound, and at least one type of oxidation catalyst that is present in the support and selected from the group consisting of metal and metal oxide, the support having channels that communicate with each other, and the oxidation catalyst being present in at least the channels of the support.

A carrier having at least three lobes, a first end, a second end, a wall between the ends and a non-uniform radius of transition at the intersection of an end and the wall is disclosed. A catalyst comprising the carrier, silver and promoters deposited on the carrier and useful for the epoxidation of olefins is also disclosed. A method for making the carrier, a method for making the catalyst and a process for epoxidation of an olefin with the catalyst are also disclosed.

Provide is a functional structural body that can suppress aggregation of metal oxide nanoparticles and prevent functional loss of metal oxide nanoparticles, and thus exhibit a stable function over a long period of time. A functional structural body (1) includes: a skeletal body (10) of a porous structure composed of a zeolite-type compound; and at least one type of metal oxide nanoparticles (20) containing a perovskite-type oxide present in the skeletal body (10), the skeletal body (10) having channels (11) that connect with each other, and the metal oxide nanoparticles (20) being present at least in the channels (11) of the skeletal body (10).

A functional structural body includes a skeletal body of a porous structure composed of a zeolite-type compound, and at least one type of metallic nanoparticles present in the skeletal body, the skeletal body having channels connecting with each other, the metallic nanoparticles being present at least in the channels of the skeletal body.