Disclosed are catalysts capable of catalyzing the dry reforming of methane. The catalysts have a core-shell structure with the shell surrounding the core. The shell has a redox-metal oxide phase that includes a metal dopant incorporated into the lattice framework of the redox-metal oxide phase. An active metal(s) is deposited on the surface of the shell.

A TiO.sub.2 photocatalytic particle comprises at least one core with a crystalline anatase structure, a first layer is at least partly surrounding the core, and comprising one from TiO.sub.2, TiO.sub.(2-x), and TiO.sub.2*H.sub.2O, said first partly ordered layer comprising parts where molecules are aligned with an imaginary extension of the crystal planes of the core, the first layer is in close contact with a second outer layer, at least partly enclosing the first layer and the core. The second layer comprises one from layered titanium dioxide and titanium dioxide in TiO.sub.2 (B)-form, said second layer is partly ordered, and said second layer comprising sheets aligned with crystal planes transversal to the outer surface of said particle. Advantages include that the outer layer of the particles can be modified to be optimized for the particular application which is an advantage for catalysis and other application where the properties of the outermost surface is of importance.

Disclosed are a chemochromic nanoparticle, a method for manufacturing the chemochromic nanoparticle, and a hydrogen sensor comprising the chemochromic nanoparticle. In particular, the chemochromic nanoparticle has a core-shell structure such that the chemochromic nanoparticle and comprises a core comprising a hydrated or non-hydrated transition metal oxide; and a shell comprising a transition metal catalyst.

The present disclosure provides a method for preparing an organophosphorus degrading enzyme based multifunctional catalyst and an organophosphorus degrading enzyme based multifunctional catalyst and use thereof. In the present disclosure, the preparation method includes: directly adding a composite yolk-shell-structured nanomaterial into a crude enzyme solution of organophosphorus degrading enzyme with an affinity tag, and mixing, to obtain a mixture, and then subjecting the mixture to a separation, to obtain an organophosphorus degrading enzyme based multifunctional catalyst. According to the present disclosure, the method for preparing an organophosphorus degrading enzyme based multifunctional catalyst is simple in operation, and has a low cost; the multifunctional catalyst prepared by the same has low requirement for the purity of enzyme, support of which could be directionally binded with enzyme, and could be used for detecting an organophosphorus pesticide, and also for a cascade degradation of an organophosphorus pesticide. The final product p-aminophenol has important application value.

The present invention is concerned with a catalyst for the conversion of ethanol to 1,3-butadiene comprising a component A selected from the list consisting of zeolite, silicon dioxide, aluminium oxide, or any combination thereof; and a component B.sub.cat comprising a mixed metal oxide, a catalyst precursor for the preparation of a catalyst for the conversion of ethanol to 1,3-butadiene comprising a component A selected from the list consisting of zeolite, silicon dioxide, aluminium oxide, or any combination thereof; and a component B.sub.pre comprising a layered double hydroxide (LDH) as well as a process for the conversion of ethanol to 1,3-butadiene, in which said catalyst is used.

Disclosed are a mixed oxide composition based on zirconium and cerium exhibiting a high reducibility, the process for preparing it and its use in the field of catalysis.

A method is described for preparing an eggshell catalyst comprising the steps of: (i) preparing a calcined shaped alkaline earth metal aluminate catalyst support, (ii) treating the calcined shaped alkaline earth metal aluminate support with a gas containing water vapour to form a hydrated support, (iii) with or without an intervening drying step, impregnating the hydrated support with an acidic solution containing one or more catalytic metal compounds and drying the impregnated support, (iv) calcining the dried impregnated support, to form a calcined catalyst having a catalytic metal oxide concentrated at the surface of the support and (v) optionally repeating steps (ii), (iii) and (iv).

A method of making a multicomponent photocatalyst, includes inducing precipitation from a pre-cursor solution comprising a pre-cursor of a plasmonic material and a pre-cursor of a reactive component to form co-precipitated particles; collecting the co-precipitated particles; and annealing the co-precipitated particles to form the multicomponent photocatalyst comprising a reactive component optically, thermally, or electronically coupled to a plasmonic material.

A process for preparing a catalyst material, includes: (a) providing a support material having surface hydroxyl (OH) groups, the support material is ceria (CeO.sub.2), zirconia (ZrO.sub.2) or a combination, and the support material contains between 0.3 and 2.0 mmol OH groups/g of the support material; (b) reacting the support material with at least one of: (b1) a compound containing at least one alkoxy or phenoxy group bound though its oxygen atom to a metal element from Group 5 (V, Nb, Ta) or Group 6 (Cr, Mo, W); (b2) a compound containing at least one hydrocarbon group bound though a carbon atom to a metal element from Group 5 or 6; (b3) a compound containing at least one hydrocarbon group bound though a carbon atom to a metal element which is copper (Cu); and (c) calcining the product obtained in step (b).

The invention provides a metal fiber felt including a woven or nonwoven mixture of fibers including a first plurality of core/shell catalytic metal fibers and an optional second plurality of reinforcing fibers, wherein the catalytic metal fibers include a core including a first metal and a shell including a catalytic metal, the catalytic metal being a noble metal, a base metal, or a combination thereof, and wherein the average diameter of the reinforcing fibers, when present, is greater than the average diameter of the catalytic metal fibers. The metal fiber felt is useful in catalytic articles for use in the abatement of pollutants in exhaust gas streams from internal combustion engines and other environmental and/or chemical catalytic processes.