A method for preparing a sol comprising TiO.sub.2 and ZrO.sub.2 and/or hydrated forms of TiO.sub.2 and ZrO.sub.2. The method includes mixing a material which includes metatitanic acid in an aqueous phase with a zirconyl compound or with a mixture of several zirconyl compounds. The material is provided either as a suspension or as a filter cake from the sulfate method. The material includes a H.sub.2SO.sub.4 content of 3 to 15 wt.-% relative to a quantity of TiO.sub.2 in the material. The zirconyl compound or the mixture of several zirconyl compounds is mixed in a quantity that is sufficient to provide the sol depending on the H.sub.2SO.sub.4 content.

The present disclosure relates to an additive and a catalyst composition for a catalytic cracking process of vacuum gas oil for preparing cracked run naphtha having reduced liquid olefin content, and increased propylene and butylene yields in the LPG fraction. The process makes use of a catalyst composition which is a mixture of an FCC equilibrated catalyst and an additive comprising a zeolite, phosphorus and a combination of metal promoters. The process is successful in achieving high propylene and butylene yields in the LPG fraction along with a lower liquid olefin content and increased aromatic content with increase in RON unit in the resultant cracked run naphtha, as compared to that achieved using an FCC equilibrated catalyst alone.

Disclosed in certain embodiments are ZSM-5 zeolite microspheres. The ZSM-5 zeolite microspheres may contain substantially no clay or calcined clay material. The ZSM-5 zeolite microspheres may have a ZSM-5 zeolite content of at least 70 wt. %. Disclosed in certain embodiments is a method of forming ZSM-5 zeolite microspheres including treating microspheres with at least one alkali solution.

The invention relates to a reforming catalyst. The reforming catalyst comprises a reforming metal, such as Pt, a support, such as an alumina support, and a USY zeolite, which has had part of its aluminum framework substituted with Zr and Ti. The amount of USY zeolite does not exceed 5 wt %, and most preferably, contains 2-3 wt % USY zeolite.

Method for treating a partially desulphurised sulphur-containing hydrocarbon feedstock from a preliminary hydrodesulphurisation step in the presence of a catalyst comprising an active phase comprising a group VII metal and a mesoporous and macroporous alumina support comprising a bimodal distribution of mesopores, wherein: -the volume of mesopores having a diameter greater than or equal to 2 nm and less than 18 nm is between 10 and 30% by volume of the total pore volume of the support; -the volume of mesopores having a diameter greater than or equal to 18 nm and less than 50 nm is between 30 and 50% by volume of the total pore volume of the support; -the volume of macropores having a diameter greater than or equal to 50 nm and less than 8000 nm is between 30 and 50% by volume of the total pore volume of the support.

The invention relates to a method for capturing organometallic impurities in a gasoline-type hydrocarbon feedstock containing sulfur compounds and olefins, wherein said feedstock is brought into contact with hydrogen and a capture mass comprising a nickel-based active phase, and a mesoporous and macroporous alumina substrate having a bimodal distribution of mesopores and wherein: the volume of mesopores having a diameter greater than or equal to 2 nm and less than 18 nm corresponds to between 10 and 30% by volume of the total pore volume of said substrate; the volume of mesopores with a diameter greater than or equal to 18 nm and less than 50 mm corresponds to between 30 and 50% by volume of the total pore volume of said substrate; the volume of macropores having a diameter greater than or equal to 50 nm and less than 8000 mm corresponds to between 30 and 50% by volume of the total pore volume of said substrate.

Photocatalysts and methods of using the same for producing hydrogen and oxygen from water are disclosed. The photocatalysts include photoactive titanium dioxide loaded with 0.5 wt. % to 4 wt. % of a hole-scavenging material comprising cobalt oxide and 0.1 wt. % to 1 wt. % of palladium (Pd) and/or a PdCo alloy.

The present invention relates to a method for producing an olefin with a high yield for a short reaction time in a dehydration reaction of an aliphatic alcohol. The present invention provides a method for producing an olefin, including subjecting an aliphatic alcohol having 6 or more carbon atoms to a dehydration reaction in the presence of an aluminum oxide catalyst, wherein an average pore diameter of the aluminum oxide catalyst is 12.5 nm or more and 20.0 nm or less.

An oligomerization catalyst, oligomer products, methods for making and using same. The catalyst can include a supported nickel phosphate compound. The catalyst is stable at oligomerization temperatures of 500 C. or higher and particularly useful for making oligomer products containing C4 to C26 olefins having a boiling point in the range of 170 C. to 360 C.

An oligomerization catalyst, oligomer products, methods for making and using same. The catalyst can include a supported nickel phosphate compound. The catalyst is stable at oligomerization temperatures of 500 C. or higher and particularly useful for making oligomer products containing C4 to C26 olefins having a boiling point in the range of 170 C. to 360 C.