Catalyst particles comprising one or more active metal components and methods for manufacturing such catalyst particles are provided. The particles are a composite of a granulating agent or binder material such as an inorganic oxide, and an ultra-stable Y (hereafter USY) zeolite in which some of the aluminum atoms in the framework are substituted with zirconium atoms and/or titanium atoms and/or hafnium atoms. The one or more active phase components are incorporated in a composite mixture of the inorganic oxide binder and the post-framework modified USY zeolite prior to forming the catalyst particles.

Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to zeolites and method for making such zeolites. According to embodiments disclosed herein, a zeolite may have a microporous framework including a plurality of micropores having diameters of less than or equal to 2 nm and a plurality of mesopores having diameters of greater than 2 nm and less than or equal to 50 nm. The microporous framework may include an MFI framework type. The microporous framework may include silicon atoms, aluminum atoms, oxygen atoms, and transition metal atoms. The transition metal atoms may be dispersed throughout the entire microporous framework.

Provided is a process for hydrocracking normal paraffins into lighter normal paraffins with minimal formation of iso-paraffins. The process comprises hydrocracking a hydrocarbon feedstock comprising normal paraffins under hydrocracking conditions. The reaction is run in the presence of a specific type of zeolite based catalyst which has been found to provide high conversion with minimal iso-paraffin products. In one embodiment, the zeolite is of the framework PWO. The reaction conducted in the presence of the zeolite based catalyst produces an n-paraffin rich product that needs no separation step before being fed to a steam cracker to produce lower olefins.

According to an aspect of the present invention, provided is a zeolite catalyst having an MRE structure for hydro-isomerization. The zeolite catalyst has an adsorption volume ratio of lutidine to collidine measured by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) using lutidine and collidine as adsorbents of greater than 3 and less than or equal to 10. According to an aspect of the present invention, provided is a method of hydro-isomerization for a hydrocarbon feedstock, including subjecting the hydrocarbon feedstock to a hydro-isomerization reaction under conditions of a temperature of 200 C. to 500 C., a hydrogen pressure of 1 to 200 atmospheres, a liquid space velocity (LHSV) of 1.0 to 10.0 hr.sup.1, and the hydrogen/feedstock ratio of 45 to 1780 Nm.sup.3/m.sup.3 in the presence of the zeolite catalyst.

A catalyst structure includes a carrier having a porous structure composed of a zeolite type compound and at least one catalytic material existing in the carrier. The carrier has channels communicating with each other, and the catalytic material is a metal fine particle and exists at least in the channel of the carrier.

To provide a catalyst capable of hydrotreating a hydrocarbon oil with high desulfurization activity. A hydrotreating catalyst for a hydrocarbon oil includes: an inorganic composite oxide carrier including alumina as a main component; and an active metal component supported on the carrier, the active metal component including, as active metal species, a first metal which is at least one of molybdenum and tungsten, and a second metal which is at least one of cobalt and nickel, the hydrotreating catalyst for having a Lewis acid amount and a Brnsted acid amount per unit surface area of 0.80 mol/m.sup.2 or more and 0.03 mol/m.sup.2 or less, respectively, as measured by pyridine desorption at 250 C. and a BET single-point method.

A process for upgrading a hydrocarbon feed includes contacting the hydrocarbon feed with steam in the presence of a cracking catalyst at reaction conditions sufficient to cause at least a portion of hydrocarbons in the hydrocarbon feed to undergo one or more cracking reactions to produce a steam catalytic cracking effluent comprising light olefins, light aromatic compounds, or both. The cracking catalyst is hierarchical mesoporous ZSM-5 zeolite. The hierarchical mesoporous ZSM-5 zeolite is made by providing a starting ZSM-5 zeolite, disintegrating the a portion of the starting ZSM-5 in the presence of a surfactant using sodium hydroxide, and then recrystallizing the zeolite constituents in the presence of the surfactant to produce recrystallized ZSM-5 zeolite. The recrystallized ZSM-5 zeolite is then recovered and calcined to produce the hierarchical mesoporous ZSM-5 zeolite.

The present invention discloses methods for producing a guest@nanoporous-host materials, and guest@nanoporous-host materials produced according to these methods. Methods according to the invention comprise steps of infiltrating a nanoporous host material with one or more reagents and a target guest precursor in a reaction environment such that a reaction occurs to form the target guest species within the pores of the nanoporous host material. The reagent comprise either a redox reagent and/or a pH modulator. By analysis of appropriate electrochemical potential-pH diagrams and careful selection of suitable reagents and control of process conditions to produce desired target guest particles from selected target guest precursors, the synthesis strategy to form the guests can be more flexible and versatile than known methods, because typically milder reaction conditions can be used than in such known methods.

The present invention provides a catalyst composition comprising different metal oxides wherein the catalyst composition comprising Ce, Cr and Ni oxides and a process for preparation thereof. The catalyst composition is used for different reforming techniques for the production of syn gas (CO+H.sub.2) at the same time this material can be used in fuel cell as a anode for power generation as this synthesized material is having good thermal stability and can sustain various redox reaction cycles also.

Catalysts, catalytic systems and related synthetic methods for in situ production of H.sub.2O.sub.2 and use thereof in reaction with oxidizable substrates.