The invention relates to a catalyst useful in the steam reforming of hydrocarbons and oxygenated hydrocarbons. The invention provides a method for preparing a catalyst comprising heating a spinel of formula ANi.sub.xFe.sub.(1-X)CrO.sub.4 where A is Mn or Mg and x is from 0 to 0.75 under reducing conditions at a temperature of from 800 to 1500 C., and catalysts obtainable by said method.

An organic matter decomposition catalyst that contains a perovskite type complex oxide represented by A.sub.xB.sub.yM.sub.zO.sub.w, wherein A contains 90 at % or more of at least one element selected from the group consisting of Ba and Sr, B contains 80 at % or more of Zr, M is at least one element selected from the group consisting of Mn, Co, Ni, and Fe, y+z=1, x>1, z<0.4, and w is a positive value that satisfies electrical neutrality.

Provided is a new catalyst structure for exhaust gas treatment including an upper catalyst layer and a lower catalyst layer, in which the catalyst structure can sufficiently exhibit functions as a three way catalyst while maintaining gas diffusibility. Proposed is a catalyst structure including a substrate, an upper catalyst layer, and a lower catalyst layer, the catalyst structure having a first peak or a second peak at a pore volume diameter of 10 nm to 50 nm and a pore volume diameter of 50 nm to 100 nm, respectively, in the logarithmic differential pore volume distribution analyzed by a mercury intrusion porosimeter.

The present invention relates to a porous iron oxide-zirconia composite catalyst, a preparation method thereof, and a method for producing alcohol using the same, and the iron oxide-zirconia composite catalyst having a porous structure may produce alcohol at low cost by carrying out an excellent methane reforming reaction even under room temperature and room pressure conditions through an electrochemical reaction.

An ebullated bed process for the hydroconversion of heavy hydrocarbon feedstocks that provides for high conversion of the heavy hydrocarbon with a low sediment yield. The process uses for its catalyst bed small particles of a specifically defined shaped hydroprocessing catalyst which is contacted with the heavy hydrocarbon feedstock under hydroconversion conditions and yields a hydrocarbon conversion having a relatively low sediment content.

The present invention provides a porous metal-containing carbon-based material that is stable at high temperatures under aqueous conditions. The porous metal-containing carbon-based materials are particularly useful in catalytic applications. Also provided, are methods for making and using porous shaped metal-carbon products prepared from these materials.

A catalyst and its use for selectively desulfurizing sulfur compounds present in an olefin-containing hydrocarbon feedstock to very low levels with minimal hydrogenation of olefins. The catalyst comprises an inorganic oxide substrate containing a nickel compound, a molybdenum compound and optionally a phosphorus compound, that is overlaid with a molybdenum compound and a cobalt compound. The catalyst is further characterized as having a bimodal pore size distribution with a large portion of its total pore volume contained in pores having a diameter less than 250 angstroms and in pores having a diameter greater than 1000 angstroms.

Disclosed is a composition useful in the hydrolysis of sulfur compounds that are contained in a gas stream. The composition comprises a calcined co-mulled mixture of psuedoboehmite, a cobalt compound, and a molybdenum compound such that the composition comprises gamma-alumina, at least 7.5 wt. % molybdenum, and at least 2.75 wt. % cobalt. The composition is made by forming into an agglomerate a co-mulled mixture pseudoboehmite, a cobalt component, and a molybdenum component followed by drying and calcining the agglomerate to provide a catalyst composition comprising gamma-alumina, at least 7.5 wt. % molybdenum, and at least 2.75 wt. % cobalt.

An alumina exhibiting a structure with a porosity such that the volume of the pores having a diameter of between 70 and 2000 is between 0.15 and 0.50 ml/g, and comprising at least one alkali metal (M), such that the content by weight of alkali metal, expressed as M.sub.2O, is between 400 and 1500 ppm, with respect to the total weight of the alumina, and a process for the transformation of a feedstock comprising at least one alcohol into an olefinic effluent, said process comprising a stage of dehydration of said alcohol in the presence of the alumina according to the present invention, having an acidity and a structure with a porosity which are optimal.

Shaped porous carbon products and processes for preparing these products are provided. The shaped porous carbon products can be used, for example, as catalyst supports and adsorbents. Catalyst compositions including these shaped porous carbon products, processes of preparing the catalyst compositions, and various processes of using the shaped porous carbon products and catalyst compositions are also provided.