A method for producing a cluster-supporting catalyst, the cluster-supporting catalyst including porous carrier particles that has acid sites, and catalyst metal clusters supported within the pores of the porous carrier particles, includes the following steps: providing a dispersion liquid containing a dispersion medium and the porous carrier particles dispersed in the dispersion medium; and in the dispersion liquid, forming catalyst metal clusters having a positive charge, and supporting the catalyst metal clusters on the acid sites within the pores of the porous carrier particles through an electrostatic interaction.

A method for making a functional structural body includes a skeletal body of a porous structure composed of a zeolite-type compound, and at least one type of metallic nanoparticles present in the skeletal body, the skeletal body having channels connecting with each other, the metallic nanoparticles being present at least in the channels of the skeletal body.

To provide a structured catalyst for catalytic cracking or hydrodesulfurization that suppresses decline in catalytic activity, achieves efficient catalytic cracking, and allows simple and stable obtaining of a substance to be modified. The structured catalyst for catalytic cracking or hydrodesulfurization (1) includes a support (10) of a porous structure composed of a zeolite-type compound and at least one type of metal oxide nanoparticles (20) present in the support (10), in which the support (10) has channels (11) that connect with each other, the metal oxide nanoparticles (20) are present at least in the channels (11) of the support (10), and the metal oxide nanoparticles (20) are composed of a material containing any one or two more of the oxides of Fe, Al, Zn, Zr, Cu, Co, Ni, Ce, Nb, Ti, Mo, V, Cr, Pd, and Ru.

The structured catalyst for oxidation for exhaust gas purification includes a support having a porous structure constituted by a zeolite-type compound, and at least one type of oxidation catalyst that is present in the support and selected from the group consisting of metal and metal oxide, the support having channels that communicate with each other, and the oxidation catalyst being present in at least the channels of the support.

A catalyst comprising transition metal nanoparticles, stabilizing ligands, and a support material, wherein at least a portion of the stabilizing ligands are adsorbed on the surface of the transition metal nanoparticles such as to form stabilized transition metal nanoparticles, wherein the stabilized transition metal nanoparticles are supported on the support material, wherein the catalyst displays a molar ratio of the stabilizing ligands to the transition metal in the nanoparticles calculated as the element, wherein the molar ratio is comprised in the range of from 0.1 to 25.

There is provided a dehydrogenation catalyst for producing olefins from alkane gases, in which a metal active component is supported on an alumina carrier containing boron. There is provided a method for preparing a dehydrogenation catalyst for producing olefins from alkane gases. The method includes impregnating alumina in a boron-containing solution and calcining it to provide a boron-alumina carrier; providing a solution containing the metal active component; impregnating the boron-alumina solution in the solution containing the metal active component and drying it; and calcining the boron-alumina carrier on which the metal active component is supported at 700° C. to 900° C.

A three-dimensional structure (10); and a catalytic component (100) that contains a precious metal complex (22) containing platinum and palladium and a porous material (21), which is supported on the three-dimensional structure (10); where the surface accumulation C (Pt) of the platinum is 0.00070 or more to 0.01000 or less, the surface accumulation C (Pd) of the palladium is 0.00800 or more to 0.10000 or less, the surface accumulation C (Pt) is expressed by C (Pt)=P.sub.XPS (Pt)/(d.sup.2×P.sub.TEM (Pt)×0.01), and the surface accumulation C (Pd) is expressed by C (Pd)=P.sub.XPS (Pd)/(d.sup.2×P.sub.TEM (Pd)×0.01).

Catalysts for hydrogen production from NaBH.sub.4 by hydrolysis or alcoholysis are provided. The catalysts comprise hydrogel beads formed from alginate and starch. The hydrogel beads optionally comprise metal nanoparticles on their surfaces, and the hydrogen generation reactions are optionally conducted in the presence of one or more surfactants.

A catalyst for a hydrogenation reaction including: a polymer support; and a catalytic component supported on the polymer support. The polymer support includes a repeating unit represented by Formula 1.

A process and apparatus for producing carbon nanofibers. The process comprises two stages. The first stage involves oxidizing light hydrocarbon with carbon dioxide or water, or oxygen, or a combination thereof to a mixture of hydrogen and carbon monoxide. The second stage involves converting the produced hydrogen and the carbon monoxide to carbon nanofibers and steam. In this way, greenhouse gases may be reduced by using carbon dioxide and methane (and/or other light hydrocarbons) as reactants; and useful products may be produced, such as Carbon NanoFibers (CNF).