The technology herein disclosed provides a wall flow type exhaust gas purifying catalyst capable of establishing the compatibility between the noxious gas purifying performance and the pressure loss suppressing performance at a high level. The exhaust gas purifying catalyst herein disclosed includes a base material 11 and a catalyst layer 20. Then, a first catalyst region 22 including the catalyst layer 20 formed therein is provided on an entry side surface 16a of a partition wall 16 of the base material 11. A second catalyst region 24 including the catalyst layer 20 formed on a wall surface 18a of a pore 18 is provided in a prescribed region from an exit side surface 16b of the partition wall toward an entry side cell 12. Further, a catalyst unformed region 30 in which a catalyst layer is substantially not formed is provided between the first catalyst region 22 and the second catalyst region 24 in the thickness direction Y of the partition wall 16. As a result of this, it is possible to prevent the deposition of PMs in the second catalyst region 24 including the catalyst layer 20 formed in the pore 18, and to establish the compatibility between the noxious gas purifying performance and the pressure loss suppressing performance at a high level.

This application relates to a photoactive product comprising: a catechol-containing compound, an amine-containing polymer, and photoactive material. The photoactive product can act as a photocatalyst and can be used in photoelectrodes for use in, for example, photoelectrochemical analyte sensing, including biosensing. The photoelectrodes modified with hybrid organic/inorganic materials can provide increased light absorption and charge separation, binding sites for attaching biorecognition probes, and built-in film-forming properties for well-adhered and uniform photoactive frameworks on the collector electrodes.

A molding catalyst satisfying the following formula (1):

0.800≤W.sub.AV/W.sub.C≤0.875  (1) wherein W.sub.AV is determined by the following formula (2) and W.sub.C is determined by the following formula (3):

W.sub.AV=W.sub.tot/n  (2) wherein W.sub.tot is a total weight of freely-selected n pieces of the molding catalyst,

W.sub.C=(V.sub.AV.Math.ρ)/(1+V.sub.P.Math.ρ)  (3) wherein V.sub.AV is an average of volumes of virtual cylinders each respectively having, as its height and diameter, a major axis (L) and a minor axis (D) of each of the freely-selected n pieces of the molding catalyst, ρ is a true density of the molding catalyst, and V.sub.P is a pore volume per unit weight of the molding catalyst.

Methods for exhaust gas purification, including the steps of: attaching an exhaust gas purification catalyst to an exhaust system of an internal combustion engine, and supplying an exhaust gas to the exhaust gas purification catalyst, where the exhaust gas purification catalyst includes an upper layer containing first carrier particles which are particles of an inorganic oxide and rhodium, and a lower layer containing second carrier particles which are particles of an inorganic oxide, the upper layer includes a rhodium-rich portion near the surface of the upper layer on the upstream side of the exhaust gas flow, and the existence range of the rhodium-rich portion is in a range of greater than 50% to 80% of the length of the upper layer from a downstream side end of an exhaust gas flow and of less than 20 μm in the depth direction from an outermost surface of the upper layer.

A three-way catalyst article, and its use in an exhaust system for internal combustion engines, is disclosed. The catalyst article for treating exhaust gas comprising: a substrate comprising an inlet end and an outlet end with an axial length L; and a first catalytic region on the substrate; wherein the first catalytic region comprises a first PGM component and a first alumina, wherein the first alumina is doped with a first dopant of at least 5 wt. %, and wherein the first dopant is selected from the group consisting of Zr, Ta, Mo, W, Ti, Nb, and a combination thereof.

A method of making an oxygen storage material (OSM) with developed mesoporosity having a small fraction of pores <10 nm (fresh or aged), and resistance to thermal sintering is provided. This OSM is suitable for use as a catalyst and catalyst support. The method of making this oxygen storage material (OSM) includes the preparation of a solution containing pre-polymerized zirconium oligomers, cerium, rare earth and transition metal salts; the interaction of this solution with a complexing agent that has an affinity towards zirconium; the formation of a zirconium-based precursor; and the co-precipitation of all constituent metal hydroxide with abase.

Methods for exhaust gas purification, including the steps of: attaching an exhaust gas purification catalyst to an exhaust system of an internal combustion engine, and supplying an exhaust gas to the exhaust gas purification catalyst, where the exhaust gas purification catalyst includes an upper layer containing first carrier particles which are particles of an inorganic oxide and rhodium, and a lower layer containing second carrier particles which are particles of an inorganic oxide, the upper layer includes a rhodium-rich portion near the surface of the upper layer on the upstream side of the exhaust gas flow, and the existence range of the rhodium-rich portion is in a range of greater than 50% to 80% of the length of the upper layer from a downstream side end of an exhaust gas flow and of less than 20 μm in the depth direction from an outermost surface of the upper layer.

An exhaust gas control apparatus includes a honeycomb substrate and an inlet cell-side catalyst layer. The honeycomb substrate includes a porous partition wall that defines a plurality of cells extending from an inlet-side end face to an outlet-side end face. The cells include an inlet cell and an outlet cell that are adjacent to each other with the partition wall therebetween. The inlet cell is open at its inlet-side end and is sealed at its outlet-side end. The outlet cell is sealed at its inlet-side end and is open at its outlet-side end. The inlet cell-side catalyst layer is provided on a surface on the inlet cell side of the partition wall and extends from an inlet-side end of the partition wall. Porosity of the inlet cell-side catalyst layer is in a specific range.

An object of the present invention is to provide a catalyst ensuring that when a gas-phase catalytic oxidation reaction of a material substance is conducted using a catalyst to produce a target substance, the pressure loss and coking are suppressed and the target substance can be produced in high yield. The present invention is related to a ring-shaped catalyst having a straight body part and a hollow body part, which is used when a gas-phase catalytic oxidation reaction of a material substance is conducted to produce a target substance, wherein a length of the straight body part is shorter than a length of the hollow body part and at least at one end part, a region from an end part of the straight body part to an end part of the hollow body part is concavely curved.

Provided is a catalyst for oxidative dehydrogenation, a method of preparing the catalyst, and a method of performing oxidative dehydrogenation using the catalyst. The catalyst for oxidative dehydrogenation has improved durability and fillability by including a porous support coated with a metal oxide (AB.sub.2O.sub.4) according to Equation 1:
X wt %+Y wt %=100 wt %,  <Equation 1> wherein X is a content of AB.sub.2O.sub.4 and is 5 or more and less than 30, and Y is a content of the porous support and is more than 70 and 95 or less,
wherein the metal oxide exhibits activity during oxidative dehydrogenation. Therefore, when the catalyst is used in oxidative dehydrogenation of butene, the conversion rate of butene and the selectivity and yield of butadiene may be greatly improved.