The present disclosure provides an air-soak containing regeneration process reducing its time. The process includes (i) removing surface carbon species from a gallium-based alkane dehydrogenation catalyst in a combustion process in the presence of a fuel gas; (ii) conditioning the gallium-based alkane dehydrogenation catalyst after (i) in air-soak treatment at a temperature of 660 C. to 850 C. with (iii) a flow of oxygen-containing gas having (iv) 0.1 to 100 parts per million by volume (ppmv) of a chlorine source selected from chlorine, a chlorine compound or a combination thereof; and achieving a predetermined alkane conversion percentage for the gallium-based alkane dehydrogenation catalyst undergoing the air-soak containing regeneration process using (i) through (iv) 10% to 50% sooner in air-soak treatment than that required to achieve the same predetermined alkane conversion percentage for the gallium-based alkane dehydrogenation catalyst undergoing the air-soak containing regeneration process using (i) through (iii), but without (iv).

A method of controlling the regeneration of spent catalyst from an oxygenate-to-olefin reaction zone in order to provide a partially regenerated catalyst. The partially regenerated catalyst has between 1 to 4, or 1 to 3, or, 2 to 3 wt % coke. The regeneration is controlled by adjusting a ratio of air to recycled flue gas in the combustion gas passed to the regeneration zone. CO in the flue gas is removed in a CO oxidation zone which receives oxygen to oxidize CO to CO.sub.2.

A method of controlling the regeneration of spent catalyst from an oxygenate-to-olefin reaction zone in order to provide a partially regenerated catalyst. The partially regenerated catalyst has between 1 to 4, or 1 to 3, or, 2 to 3 wt % coke. The regeneration is controlled by adjusting a ratio of air to recycled flue gas in the combustion gas passed to the regeneration zone. CO in the flue gas is removed in a CO oxidation zone which receives oxygen to oxidize CO to CO.sub.2.

A method of controlling the regeneration of spent catalyst from an oxygenate-to-olefin reaction zone in order to provide a partially regenerated catalyst. The partially regenerated catalyst has between 1 to 4, or 1 to 3, or, 2 to 3 wt % coke. The regeneration is controlled by adjusting a ratio of air to recycled flue gas in the combustion gas passed to the regeneration zone. CO in the flue gas is removed in a CO oxidation zone which receives oxygen to oxidize CO to CO.sub.2.

A method of controlling the regeneration of spent catalyst from an oxygenate-to-olefin reaction zone in order to provide a partially regenerated catalyst. The partially regenerated catalyst has between 1 to 4, or 1 to 3, or, 2 to 3 wt % coke. The regeneration is controlled by adjusting a ratio of air to recycled flue gas in the combustion gas passed to the regeneration zone. CO in the flue gas is removed in a CO oxidation zone which receives oxygen to oxidize CO to CO.sub.2.

An oxygen gas stream is distributed to a spent catalyst stream through an oxygen nozzle of an oxygen gas distributor and a fuel gas stream is distributed to the spent catalyst stream through a fuel nozzle of a fuel gas distributor. An oxygen gas jet generated from said oxygen nozzle and a fuel gas jet generated from said fuel gas nozzle have the same elevation in the regenerator. In a regenerator, an oxygen gas distributor and a fuel gas distributor may be located in a mixing chamber. A fuel outlet of a fuel nozzle of the fuel gas distributor may be within a fifth of the height of the mixing chamber from an oxygen outlet of an oxygen nozzle of the oxygen gas distributor. In addition, clear space is provided between a fuel gas nozzle on a fuel gas distributor and a closest oxygen nozzle on an oxygen gas distributor.

An oxygen gas stream is distributed to a spent catalyst stream through an oxygen nozzle of an oxygen gas distributor and a fuel gas stream is distributed to the spent catalyst stream through a fuel nozzle of a fuel gas distributor. An oxygen gas jet generated from said oxygen nozzle and a fuel gas jet generated from said fuel gas nozzle have the same elevation in the regenerator. In a regenerator, an oxygen gas distributor and a fuel gas distributor may be located in a mixing chamber. A fuel outlet of a fuel nozzle of the fuel gas distributor may be within a fifth of the height of the mixing chamber from an oxygen outlet of an oxygen nozzle of the oxygen gas distributor. In addition, clear space is provided between a fuel gas nozzle on a fuel gas distributor and a closest oxygen nozzle on an oxygen gas distributor.

Disclosed herein is a catalyst for producing biodiesel, including a carrier having water resistance and an active component supported on the carrier and used in a hydrotreating reaction or a decarboxylation reaction. Since the catalyst for producing biodiesel includes a carrier having strong water resistance, the deactivation of the catalyst due to the water produced through a process of producing HBD can be prevented, thus remarkably improving the long term stability of a catalyst.

Disclosed herein is a catalyst for producing biodiesel, including a carrier having water resistance and an active component supported on the carrier and used in a hydrotreating reaction or a decarboxylation reaction. Since the catalyst for producing biodiesel includes a carrier having strong water resistance, the deactivation of the catalyst due to the water produced through a process of producing HBD can be prevented, thus remarkably improving the long term stability of a catalyst.

Systems and methods for using and regenerating a catalyst for producing acetic acid from ethane are disclosed. Feed stream comprising ethane and an oxidant including oxygen is flowed to a reactor, in which a catalyst comprising MoVNbPd oxide is disposed. The ethane and the oxidant are reacted in presence of the catalyst under reaction conditions sufficient to produce acetic acid. When the catalyst's ability to catalyze the reaction between the ethane and the oxidant is reduced by a predetermined percentage, the flow of the feed stream to the reactor is ceased. A regenerating gas stream is flowed through the reactor to contact the regenerating gas stream with the catalyst under operating conditions to increase the catalyst's ability to catalyze the reaction between the ethane and the oxidant.