Disclosed is a method for starting up fluidized reaction apparatus that is used for producing lower olefins from methanol or/and dimethyl ether. Said method includes after heating the catalyst bed of circulating fluidized catalytic reaction apparatus to above 200 C. or 300 C. by using a starting-up auxiliary heat source, feeding methanol or dimethyl ether raw materials to a reactor, whereby heat released by the reaction makes the temperature of the reaction system apparatus increase quickly to a designed temperature, consequently making the system reach normal operation state rapidly. Said method is suitable for starting up an exothermic fluidized catalytic reaction apparatus and can simplify the apparatus and operation, accordingly lowering the cost.

Disclosed is a method for starting up fluidized reaction apparatus that is used for producing lower olefins from methanol or/and dimethyl ether. Said method includes after heating the catalyst bed of circulating fluidized catalytic reaction apparatus to above 200 C. or 300 C. by using a starting-up auxiliary heat source, feeding methanol or dimethyl ether raw materials to a reactor, whereby heat released by the reaction makes the temperature of the reaction system apparatus increase quickly to a designed temperature, consequently making the system reach normal operation state rapidly. Said method is suitable for starting up an exothermic fluidized catalytic reaction apparatus and can simplify the apparatus and operation, accordingly lowering the cost.

Systems for dehydrogenating an alkane are provided. An exemplary system includes a furnace and further includes alkane heating chambers, regeneration mixture heating chambers, and two groups of reaction chambers, all located within the furnace. The alkane heating chambers and regeneration mixture heating chambers can preheat an alkane feed and a regeneration mixture feed, respectively. The two groups of reaction chambers can be switchably coupled to an alkane feed and a regeneration mixture feed such that an alkane can flow through one group of reaction chambers while a regeneration mixture flows through the other group of reaction chambers. Processes for dehydrogenating an alkane are also provided.

Systems for dehydrogenating an alkane are provided. An exemplary system includes a furnace and further includes alkane heating chambers, regeneration mixture heating chambers, and two groups of reaction chambers, all located within the furnace. The alkane heating chambers and regeneration mixture heating chambers can preheat an alkane feed and a regeneration mixture feed, respectively. The two groups of reaction chambers can be switchably coupled to an alkane feed and a regeneration mixture feed such that an alkane can flow through one group of reaction chambers while a regeneration mixture flows through the other group of reaction chambers. Processes for dehydrogenating an alkane are also provided.

A catalyst that is used in the catalytic pyrolysis of biomass is regenerated by oxidation and washing with a liquid to remove minerals and restore catalyst activity and selectivity to aromatics.

A catalyst that is used in the catalytic pyrolysis of biomass is regenerated by oxidation and washing with a liquid to remove minerals and restore catalyst activity and selectivity to aromatics.

Methods for operating a system having two downflow high-severity FCC units for producing products from a hydrocarbon feed includes introducing the hydrocarbon feed to a feed separator and separating it into a lesser boiling point fraction and a greater boiling point fraction. The greater boiling point fraction is passed to the first FCC unit and cracked in the presence of a first catalyst at 500 C. to 700 C. to produce a first cracking reaction product and a spent first catalyst. The lesser boiling point fraction is passed to the second FCC unit and cracked in the presence of a second catalyst at 500 C. to 700 C. to produce a second cracking reaction product and a spent second catalyst. At least a portion of the spent first catalyst or the spent second catalyst is passed back to the first FCC unit, the second FCC unit or both.

Methods for operating a system having two downflow high-severity FCC units for producing products from a hydrocarbon feed includes introducing the hydrocarbon feed to a feed separator and separating it into a lesser boiling point fraction and a greater boiling point fraction. The greater boiling point fraction is passed to the first FCC unit and cracked in the presence of a first catalyst at 500 C. to 700 C. to produce a first cracking reaction product and a spent first catalyst. The lesser boiling point fraction is passed to the second FCC unit and cracked in the presence of a second catalyst at 500 C. to 700 C. to produce a second cracking reaction product and a spent second catalyst. At least a portion of the spent first catalyst or the spent second catalyst is passed back to the first FCC unit, the second FCC unit or both.

The present disclosure provides a process for high conversion residue cracking in a circulating fluidized bed reactor while integrating it with the dehydration of ethanol. More particularly, the present disclosure relates to an integrated circulating fluidized bed process for the simultaneous dehydration of ethanol and cracking of a hydrocarbon feedstock. By integrating the cracking reactor with ethanol dehydration reactor, more conradson carbon residue feedstock can be processed in cracking reactor while limiting the coke combustor temperature.

The present disclosure provides a process for high conversion residue cracking in a circulating fluidized bed reactor while integrating it with the dehydration of ethanol. More particularly, the present disclosure relates to an integrated circulating fluidized bed process for the simultaneous dehydration of ethanol and cracking of a hydrocarbon feedstock. By integrating the cracking reactor with ethanol dehydration reactor, more conradson carbon residue feedstock can be processed in cracking reactor while limiting the coke combustor temperature.