An ion exchanger filled cartridge accommodated inside an accommodating container of a metal removing column and in which an ion exchanger is filled is provided. The ion exchanger filled cartridge includes a cylinder portion, an upper lid in which a through hole for a liquid to be treated is formed and which is provided on an upper end of the cylinder portion, a lower lid in which a through hole for a treated liquid is formed and which is provided on a lower end of the cylinder portion, an insertion pipe connected to the lower lid, having an O-ring attached to an outer side, and inserted into a treated liquid discharge pipe provided on a bottom portion of the accommodating container of the metal removing column, and the ion exchanger filled inside the cylinder portion.

An ion exchanger filled cartridge accommodated inside an accommodating container of a metal removing column and in which an ion exchanger is filled is provided. The ion exchanger filled cartridge includes a cylinder portion, an upper lid in which a through hole for a liquid to be treated is formed and which is provided on an upper end of the cylinder portion, a lower lid in which a through hole for a treated liquid is formed and which is provided on a lower end of the cylinder portion, an insertion pipe connected to the lower lid, having an O-ring attached to an outer side, and inserted into a treated liquid discharge pipe provided on a bottom portion of the accommodating container of the metal removing column, and the ion exchanger filled inside the cylinder portion.

An ion exchanger includes a housing and a cartridge. The housing has an inlet port, through which coolant flows in, and an outlet port, through which the coolant flows out. The cartridge is detachably attached to the housing. The cartridge is filled with ion-exchange resin. The ion exchanger is configured to remove ions from the coolant through ion exchange when the coolant flowing in the housing passes through the ion-exchange resin. The cartridge includes a bypass route that causes some of the coolant that has flowed into the housing to bypass the ion-exchange resin and flow to the outlet port.

An ion exchanger includes a housing and a cartridge. The housing has an inlet port, through which coolant flows in, and an outlet port, through which the coolant flows out. The cartridge is detachably attached to the housing. The cartridge is filled with ion-exchange resin. The ion exchanger is configured to remove ions from the coolant through ion exchange when the coolant flowing in the housing passes through the ion-exchange resin. The cartridge includes a bypass route that causes some of the coolant that has flowed into the housing to bypass the ion-exchange resin and flow to the outlet port.

Modular pure water systems are provided that have a tank and a cover assembly, wherein the tank and cover assembly are configured to removably receive therebetween one or more expansion tubes in a fluid tight manner to allow for selective volume expansion of the pure water system. Also provided are purification media bags for pure water systems that have a shape, construction, and/or material that mitigates the flow of water between the outer wall of the bag and an inner wall of the pure water systems.

Modular pure water systems are provided that have a tank and a cover assembly, wherein the tank and cover assembly are configured to removably receive therebetween one or more expansion tubes in a fluid tight manner to allow for selective volume expansion of the pure water system. Also provided are purification media bags for pure water systems that have a shape, construction, and/or material that mitigates the flow of water between the outer wall of the bag and an inner wall of the pure water systems.

An aspect of the disclosure relates to a dialysate regenerator, including: a purification means; at least one reversible retainer including an ion reservoir; a dialysate flow path including a dialysate inlet for receiving a dialysate, a dialysate outlet for dispensing the dialysate, the purification means and the at least one reversible retainer: a pump connected to the dialysate flow path and configured to generate a flow of the dialysate from the dialysate inlet via the reversible retainer and the purification means to the dialysate outlet, wherein a direction of the dialysate flow path through the reversible retainer is reversible.

Provided is a method for producing ultrapure water to supply, to a use point, ultrapure water obtained by treating raw material water for ultrapure water production in an ultrapure water production apparatus, wherein the raw material water for ultrapure water production contains at least one or more elements selected from B, As, Al, Ti, Cr, Fe, Cu, Zn, Sn, V, Ga, and Pb, and wherein an ion exchanger-filled module filled with at least a monolithic organic porous anion exchanger is installed in a treatment path of the ultrapure water production apparatus or in a transfer path from the ultrapure water production apparatus to the use point, and water to be treated is passed through the ion exchanger-filled module for treatment.

A water softening device includes a filter configured to decrease hardness of a first stream of raw water to produce a second stream of water with decreased hardness, a first sensor that measures an electrical property of the first stream, a second sensor that measures an electrical property of the second stream, and optionally, a third sensor that detects a water flow through the filter, wherein the filter includes an ion exchange resin operated in H.sup.+-mode, and the filter is buffered with at least one salt selected from the group of a potassium salt (K.sup.+), a sodium salt (Na.sup.+) and a lithium salt (Li.sup.+).

A water softening device includes a filter configured to decrease hardness of a first stream of raw water to produce a second stream of water with decreased hardness, a first sensor that measures an electrical property of the first stream, a second sensor that measures an electrical property of the second stream, and optionally, a third sensor that detects a water flow through the filter, wherein the filter includes an ion exchange resin operated in H.sup.+-mode, and the filter is buffered with at least one salt selected from the group of a potassium salt (K.sup.+), a sodium salt (Na.sup.+) and a lithium salt (Li.sup.+).