The invention provides an improved system for separation technology intended to reduce unwanted catalyst/thermal reactions by minimizing contact of the hydrocarbons and the catalyst within the reactor.

In one embodiment, a reactor includes a reactor body and a reactor head. The reactor head has a reactor head body and one or more inlets disposed tangentially to the reactor head body. In one embodiment, a polymerization process for forming polymer includes introducing in a first direction a stream including a monomer. The stream and a catalyst system are flowed in a second direction through at least one internal heat exchanger. The second direction is substantially orthogonal to the first direction. The reaction zone includes at least one internal heat exchanger. At least a portion of the monomer of the stream is polymerized in the reaction zone to produce a polymer product. The polymer product is recovered from the reaction zone.

The present subject matter relates an apparatus (120) for distributing polyphasic fluid mixture to a catalyst bed in a downflow reactor (100). The apparatus (120) comprises a distributor tray (140) comprising a plurality of distributor units (150). The distributor unit (150) comprises an inner tube (210), an outer tube (220) disposed outside and concentric to the inner tube (210), a cover (346), a cap plate (350), and a gas inlet (358). The inner tube comprises a first aperture (314) to allow liquid to enter the inner tube (210) and a solid insert (326). The solid insert (326) forms a narrow passage (330). The outer tube (220) comprises a slot (338) to allow liquid from the distributor tray (140) to enter an annular portion (342).

An ethylene oxide (EO) reactor is provided in which a removable impingement basket is configured to be inserted into the reactor inlet pipe of the EO reactor. The removable impingement basket provides protection for the silver-based catalyst filled tubes and other components that are present inside the EO reactor as well as providing another access point into the EO reactor. The removable impingement basket also can provide better distribution of the inlet gas as compared to an EO reactor containing a non-removable impingement plate.

Hydroprocessing reactor internals height reduction is achieved by placing a mixing chamber above the collection tray. The mixing chamber has spillways on the top (top spillways) and the side of the mixing chamber (side spillways) for fluid entry. The design of the spillways has a significant impact on pressure drop. The pressure drop is reduced by having wide shallow spillways rather than narrow and deep spillways without impacting mixing performance. With both side and top spillways, the height of the mixing chamber can be reduced significantly with minimal impact on fluid mixing and pressure drop.

A downflow reactor, e.g. a downer reactor or system, includes an outer wall defining an interior reactor space. An elongated plug is within the outer wall having a first end and a second end, defining a longitudinal axis between the first and second ends. A distribution baffle positioned at a vertical position between the first end and the second end of the elongated plug configured and adapted to direct hot down flowing catalyst towards a feedstock spray.

Hydroprocessing reactor internals height reduction is achieved by placing a mixing chamber above the collection tray. The mixing chamber has spillways on the top (top spillways) and the side of the mixing chamber (side spillways) for fluid entry. The design of the spillways has a significant impact on pressure drop. The pressure drop is reduced by having wide shallow spillways rather than narrow and deep spillways without impacting mixing performance. With both side and top spillways, the height of the mixing chamber can be reduced significantly with minimal impact on fluid mixing and pressure drop.

Device for treating particles having a vortex chamber defined by end walls at both ends and a circular wall, a rotation imparting device with a fluid feeder arranged in a mainly tangential direction, a particle outlet and a central fluid outlet, an auxiliary chamber coaxially arranged with the vortex chamber defining a treating zone, which auxiliary chamber has a circular outer wall and an end wall and opens into the vortex chamber through an opening in the end wall of the vortex chamber opposite the central fluid outlet, a device for injecting particles coaxially into the treating zone, and a device for feeding a treating fluid into the treating zone in mainly axial direction, wherein the ratio of the area of the opening to the cross-sectional area of the vortex chamber is less than 0.50.

Gas injectors for providing uniform flow of fluid are provided herein. The gas injector includes a plenum body. The plenum body includes a recess, a protrusion adjacent to the recess and extending laterally away from the plenum body, and a plurality of nozzles extending laterally from an exterior surface of the plenum body. The plenum body has a plurality of holes in an exterior wall of the plenum body. Each nozzle is in fluid communication with an interior volume of the plenum body. By directing the flow of fluid, the gas injector provides for a uniform deposition.

An inlet diffuser for the fixed-bed reactor is disclosed. The inlet diffuser comprises a truncated cone adapted to receive a stream of gas-liquid mixture. The truncated cone includes at least one opening formed on a circumference of the truncated cone. Further, the inlet diffuser comprises a vertical baffle plate in each of the openings and at least one horizontal baffle coupled to the truncated cone to absorb momentum of the stream received by the truncated cone. Furthermore, it comprises a cylindrical chamber in fluid communication with the truncated cone and adapted to receive the stream from the truncated cone. The cylindrical chamber includes at least one slot to discharge the stream from the inlet diffuser and a splash plate is disposed at a bottom portion of the cylindrical chamber with apertures to discharge the stream from the inlet diffuser.