The invention relates to a methanol synthesis reactor for producing methanol from a synthesis gas mixture. The reactor according to the invention includes a pressure jacket having an interior in which a first and a second process unit are arranged one atop the other. Both process units are fluidically interconnected at least in respect of the process gases and configured as plate heat exchangers, preferably pillow plate heat exchangers. The plate interiors are traversable from bottom to top by cooling media while the plate interspaces are traversable from top to bottom by process gases, in particular synthesis gas and methanol-containing product streams. At least the first of the two process units has a methanol synthesis catalyst on the plate interspace side. The second process unit is used for cooling or further conversion of the product stream obtainable in the first process unit.

An object of the present invention is to provide a new frameless catalytic thermal oxidation device capable of treating concentrations of harmful materials including NOx at a low temperature. Further, another object of the present invention is to provide a frameless catalytic thermal oxidation device capable of minimizing the occurrence of THC and minimizing a risk of accidents and environmental pollution which may occur in maintenance operations. According to the objects, the present invention provides a cartridge-type thermal oxidation device capable of being separated for maintenance, wherein a cartridge internal structure is configured so that the time while the material to be treated stays in a zone with the catalyst is increased, and a member capable of dropping and collecting powder generated by thermal oxidation reaction is configured.

In a cooled axial/radial flow converter, in which process gas passes from an outer annulus via a catalyst bed to an inner center tube, the catalyst bed is divided into identical modules stacked on top of each other. The process gas reaches the catalyst through openings facing the outer annulus, passes axially down the catalyst bed of each module, leaves the module through collectors in the bottom thereof, and flows to the center tube. The catalyst bed is cooled by cooling panels, in which the process gas is pre-heated to the reaction temperature, while at the same time the heat of reaction is partly removed from the catalyst bed. The converter is especially suitable as ammonia converter.

In a cooled axial/radial flow converter, in which process gas passes from an outer annulus via a catalyst bed to an inner centre tube, the catalyst bed is divided into identical modules stacked on top of each other. The process gas reaches the catalyst through openings facing the outer annulus, passes axially down the catalyst bed of each module, leaves the module through collectors in the bottom thereof, and flows to the centre tube. The catalyst bed is cooled by cooling panels, in which the process gas is pre-heated to the reaction temperature, while at the same time the heat of reaction is partly removed from the catalyst bed. The converter is especially suitable as ammonia converter.

A reactor for hydrocarbon production that separates wax reaction products from lightweight gaseous reaction products. The reactor has a housing, a catalyst bed, a product recovery zone, and a stripping zone. The catalyst bed can be provided in multi-tubular and other fixed bed configurations. The stripping zone receives light-weight gas reaction products from the product recovery zone, while a gas outlet of the housing receives non-lightweight gaseous hydrocarbon reaction products from the product recovery zone. A wax outlet of the housing receives wax products from the product recovery zone.

Horizontal reactor (1) for catalytic reactions, comprising an outer cylindrical shell (2), a catalytic bed (5) and heat exchange plates (6) immersed in said catalytic bed, parallel to each other and supplied with a heat exchange fluid; said reactor comprises a container (7) for said catalytic bed (5) and said plates (6), said container is extractable slidably from said shell, by means of at least one linear guide (31, 32, 45) extended longitudinally with respect to said shell (2).

A reactor includes: a main reactor core including main reaction flow channels through which the raw material fluid flows, and main temperature control flow channels through which the heat medium flows along a flow direction of the raw material fluid flowing in the main reaction flow channel; and a pre-reactor core including pre-reaction flow channels of which an outlet side connects with an inlet side of the main reaction flow channels and through which the raw material fluid flows, and pre-temperature control flow channels of which an inlet side connects with an outlet side of the main reaction flow channels and through which the product serving as the heat medium flows along a flow direction of the raw material fluid flowing in the pre-reaction flow channel.

What is proposed is a reactor for performing exothermic equilibrium reactions, in particular for performing methanol synthesis and/or ammonia synthesis, by heterogeneously catalysed reaction of the corresponding reactant gases which makes it possible to overcome the establishment of the reaction equilibrium in the reactor. To this end, according to the invention, the coolant temperature is influenced and thus optimized along the longitudinal coordinate of the reactor through subcooling of the coolant.

Horizontal reactor (1) for catalytic reactions, comprising an outer cylindrical shell (2), a catalytic bed (5) and heat exchange plates (6) immersed in said catalytic bed, parallel to each other and supplied with a heat exchange fluid; said reactor comprises a container (7) for said catalytic bed (5) and said plates (6), said container is extractable slidably from said shell, by means of at least one linear guide (31, 32, 45) extended longitudinally with respect to said shell (2).

A channel assembly for stacking with laminar heat exchange elements in a Fischer-Tropsch reactor comprises a corrugated sheet (1) lying against a plate (4/5) having an inner surface engaging the extremities of the corrugations of the sheet to define process microchannels between the corrugations, wherein the peaks and troughs of the corrugations are laterally offset from the central longitudinal axes of the channels, and taller than the outer edge plates (3). This ensures that pressure (arrows A) applied during manufacture to the corrugated sheet bows the walls of the process microchannels in the same direction, maintaining a substantially constant cross-section, rather than towards each other with would reduce the cross section and create differential flow rates through the adjacent microchannels, whilst also maintaining enhanced thermal contact between the corrugations and the plates.