A sulfuric acid generating system can include: a primary burn chamber; an exhaust pipe extending from the burn chamber at a first end to an opposite second end; a secondary burn chamber located between the first end and second end; and a primary venturi pump having a gas inlet coupled to an outlet at the second end of the exhaust pipe and having an aqueous media inlet and having a fluid outlet. A method of producing sulfurous acid can include: providing sulfur to the primary burn chamber; burning a first portion of the sulfur in the primary burn chamber to form a first portion of sulfur dioxide; burning a second portion of the sulfur in the secondary burn chamber to form a second portion of sulfur dioxide; and mixing the first portion and second portion of sulfur dioxide with an aqueous composition so as to produce aqueous sulfurous acid.

A heating system and a process for heating a pressurized feed gas is provided, where the heat for the reaction is provided by resistance heating by means of electrical power.

The present disclosure relates to a process for producing a polymer, in particular a purged polymer, including manufacturing a polymer in a polymerization reactor in the presence of a catalyst at a first temperature, wherein the catalyst has a maximum catalyst capability dependent on temperature, and wherein the polymer has a tackiness limit dependent on temperature; discharging the polymer from the polymerization reactor into a first process vessel; at least partially removing undesirable compounds including volatile organic compounds and/or residual polymerization reactants from the polymer and/or odorous compounds, and optionally contacting the polymer with a flow of purge gas in the first process vessel; transferring the polymer from the first process vessel to a second process vessel; contacting the polymer in the second process vessel with a flow of purge gas; and recovering a polymer product comprising the polymer from which undesirable compounds have been purged.

A reactor system and methods of operating are described herein. In some approaches, the system comprises a reactor body defining an internal cavity and a three-dimensional structure disposed in the internal cavity. The three-dimensional structure comprises an ionic conductor. A power supply is coupled to the three-dimensional structure generate an ionic current in the three-dimensional structure to control a temperature of the reactor. In some embodiments, the three-dimensional structure comprises multi-layer structure with alternating layers of the ionic conductor and the electronic conductor. In some embodiments, the system comprises a controller in operative communication with the power supply. The controller may control the amount of heat energy input to the reactor by adjusting the parameters of the power supply. In some embodiments, a catalyst is disposed in the three-dimensional structure.