A multi-tubular chemical reactor includes an igniter for the initiation of gas phase exothermic reaction within the gas phase reaction zones of the tubular reactor units.

A method for breaking down synthetic polymers, in particular polyolefins, is provided. In addition a system for carrying out said method and a product according to said method is provided.

Systems and processes for controlling fouling in the manufacture of ethylene polymers and copolymers at high pressure. Disclosed is a high pressure polyethylene polymerization system comprising a reactor, a primary compressor, and a secondary compressor, the secondary compressor comprising: a) a first stage, wherein the first stage comprises at least two cylinders, and the discharge pipes of the at least two cylinders are fluidly connected by a first stage discharge cross-connect pipe; b) a second stage; c) an interstage; and d) a first cooler applied to the interstage piping starting at a location within 10 meters downstream of the first stage discharge cross-connect pipe.

The present invention concerns a method and an apparatus (10, 20) for a continuous preparation of organic peroxides, with the reactor comprising at least one flow channel (1, 1a, 1b) configured as a reaction zone; an inlet system (2) in fluid communication with a first end of the at least one flow channel and configured for introducing two or more substances or a combination of substances into the at least one flow channel; an outlet system (3) in fluid communication with a second end of the at least one flow channel, the second end being located downstream of the first end and the outlet system being configured for extracting a reaction product present at the second end; an oscillatory system (4, 5) configured for superimposing an oscillatory flow on the flow of substances passing through the at least one flow channel, the oscillatory being effected in at least a section of the at least one flow channel; and a controller configured to implement the method by controlling the inlet system to introduce, according to a first time characteristic, at least two substances or a combination of substances into the at least one flow channel, the oscillatory system to superimpose an oscillatory flow on at least a part of the flow of substances passing through the at least one flow channel, and the outlet system to extract, on an ongoing basis, the reaction product formed in the flow channel from the substances introduced such that the output mass flow rate corresponding to the sum of the input mass flow rates.

A para-orthohydrogen conversion device comprises a vortex tube. The vortex tube may include an inlet disposed at a first end of the vortex tube, a catalyst disposed on the interior wall of the vortex tube, a first outlet comprising an opening on the perimeter of a second end of the vortex tube, a stopper disposed at the center of the second end of the vortex tube, and a second outlet disposed on the first end of the vortex tube. A method includes converting parahydrogen to orthohydrogen via the catalyst and rotational force as hydrogen gas moves through the vortex tube such that cooled parahydrogen-rich gas or liquid hydrogen accumulates near the center of the vortex tube.

Embodiments provide a methane microporous carbon adsorbent including a thermally-treated CVD carbon having a shape in the form of a negative replica of a crystalline zeolite has a BET specific surface area, a micropore volume, a micropore to mesopore volume ratio, a stored methane value and a methane delivered value and a sequential carbon synthesis method for forming the methane microporous carbon adsorbent. Introducing an organic precursor gas for a chemical vapor deposition (CVD) period to a crystalline zeolite that is maintained at a CVD temperature forms the carbon-zeolite composite. Introducing a non-reactive gas for a thermal treatment period to the carbon-zeolite composite maintained at a thermal treatment temperature forms the thermally-treated carbon-zeolite composite. Introducing an aqueous strong mineral acid mixture to the thermally-treated carbon-zeolite composite forms the methane microporous carbon adsorbent. The crystalline zeolite includes tri-ethanolamine (TEA) and has a shape that is orthogonal with a mid-edge length in a range of 8 m to 20 m.

A multi-tubular chemical reactor (400) includes an igniter (435) for the initiation of gas phase exothermic reaction within the gas phase reaction zones (409) of the tubular reactor units (408). A method of carrying out a gas phase exothermic reaction within the multi-tubular chemical reactor comprising: introducing gaseous reactants into a tubular reactor unit (408); initiating with radiant heat an exothermic reaction of the gaseous reactants within the reactor unit; and transferring heat produced by the exothermic reaction occurring within the gas phase reaction zone of the reactor unit to the gas phase reaction zone of one or more adjacent reactor units (408), thereby initiating an exothermic reaction within at least one adjacent reactor unit (408) until in such manner an exothermic reaction has been initiated in each of the plurality of spaced-apart reactor units (408).

A reformer tube for producing synthesis gas by steam reforming of hydrocarbon-containing feed gases, in which a structured stream reforming catalyst is used, is proposed. According to the invention, a heat exchanger tube is arranged in the interior of the structured catalyst, with the feed gas stream flowing firstly through the structured catalyst and subsequently in countercurrent through the heat exchanger tube. This improves the heat exchange between the synthesis gas product stream and the structured catalyst and the feed gas stream flowing through it, especially in the radial direction.

The invention relates to hydrocarbon pyrolysis, to equipment and materials useful for hydrocarbon pyrolysis, to processes for carrying out hydrocarbon pyrolysis, and to the use of hydrocarbon pyrolysis for, e.g., hydrocarbon upgrading.

A reaction apparatus for use in solid carbon production includes a reactor shell defining a reactor inlet and a reactor outlet. Concentric cylinders or substantially parallel plates of catalytic material are disposed within the reactor shell and are structured and adapted to expose at least one contact surface to gaseous reactants. Another apparatus includes a removable cartridge comprising a plurality of substantially parallel plates of catalytic material disposed within the reactor shell. A system for use in carbon nanotube production may include any such reactor and a solids recovery means for removing carbon nanotubes from the reactor.