The present invention discloses a hydrogen sulfide reactor vessel with an external heating system that is conductively and removably attached to an exterior portion of the reactor vessel. Also disclosed are processes for producing hydrogen sulfide utilizing the reactor vessel.

The present invention discloses a hydrogen sulfide reactor vessel with an external heating system that is conductively and removably attached to an exterior portion of the reactor vessel. Also disclosed are processes for producing hydrogen sulfide utilizing the reactor vessel.

A physical, chemical and biological process device operating under zero gravity and shaken by low energy mechanical and magnetic means is disclosed.

This disclosure describes an improved heat transfer system for use in reaction vessels used in chemical and biological processes. In one embodiment, a heat transfer baffle comprising two sub-assemblies adjoined to one another is provided.

A fluid treatment device with a new configuration is provided. The fluid treatment device is provided with an upstream treatment unit defined by treatment surfaces that rotate relative to each other, and a downstream treatment unit arranged downstream of the upstream treatment unit. The upstream treatment unit is configured such that, by passing the fluid to be treated into an upstream treatment space defined by the treatment surfaces, the fluid to be treated is subjected to upstream treatment. The downstream treatment unit is provided with a downstream treatment space which performs the function of retaining and mixing the fluid to be treated by means of a labyrinth seal. An upstream outlet of the fluid to be treated from the upstream treatment unit opens into the downstream treatment space, and the downstream treatment space is configured to use the labyrinth seal to perform the function of controlling retention time. The downstream treatment space is provided with narrow seal spaces, and retention spaces arranged upstream of the seal spaces and wider than the seal spaces, and the upstream outlet opens to a retention space.

The present invention is characterized by being a polyvinyl alcohol powder having an average particle diameter of 100 to 2000 m as measured by optical microscopic observation at a humidity of 65% RH and a temperature of 25 C., having a bulk specific gravity (g/ml) of a portion ranging from 500 to 1000 m in particle diameter of more than 0.60 and less than 0.80, and having a content of the portion ranging from 500 to 1000 m in particle diameter of 35 to 70% by mass. Accordingly, a polyvinyl alcohol powder is provided, that is good in anti-scattering property, superior in solubility in preparing an aqueous solution from the powder, and capable of reducing transport costs due to its large specific gravity.

Described is a device for inducing crystal nucleation in a crystallizer. The device comprises a vessel for fluid and a surface abrader, wherein the surface abrader is configured to abrade a surface within the vessel to induce crystal nucleation. The friction of the abrader against the surface within the vessel creates nano-sized particulates which induce crystal nucleation. Crystal growth can then take place in the crystallizer. Also described is a crystallization apparatus comprising the device and a crystallization process using the device or similar. The device is significantly cheaper and more reliable than known ultrasound devices and facilitates the separation of crystal nucleation and crystal growth. The device also enables the avoidance of the use of seeding as a source of secondary nucleation.

The present invention discloses a hydrogen sulfide reactor vessel with an external heating system that is conductively and removably attached to an exterior portion of the reactor vessel. Also disclosed are processes for producing hydrogen sulfide utilizing the reactor vessel.

This disclosure describes an improved heat transfer system for use in reaction vessels used in chemical and biological processes. In one embodiment, a heat transfer baffle comprising two sub-assemblies adjoined to one another is provided.

In a reactor comprising a cylindrical combustion chamber, at least one burner and a circular array of catalyst-containing tubes, there is provided a ring baffle on the wall opposite the burner(s) extending into the combustion chamber which redirects combustion gas around the combustion chamber, thereby enabling more even heat distribution and an increase in overall heat transfer.