In one aspect the invention relates to reactors and a reactor system that include multiple microstructures each having a first edge and a second edge and an entrance side (18) and including an entrance port (22) and one or more other ports through the entrance side with all of the ports through the entrance side (32a, 32b) arranged in a standard pattern and closer to the first edge than the second edge. Desirably, the entrance port (22) and an exit port (24) are concentric.

A continuous acoustic chemical microreactor system is disclosed. The system includes a continuous process vessel (CPV) and an acoustic agitator coupled to the CPV and configured to agitate the CPV along an oscillation axis. The CPV includes a reactant inlet configured to receive one or more reactants into the CPV, an elongated tube coupled at a first end to the reactant inlet and configured to receive the reactants from the reactant inlet, and a product outlet coupled to a second end of the elongated tube and configured to discharge a product of a chemical reaction among the reactants from the CPV. The acoustic agitator is configured to agitate the CPV along the oscillation axis such that the inner surface of the elongated tube accelerates the one or more reactants in alternating upward and downward directions along the oscillation axis.

The invention relates to a use of a fluorination gas, the elemental fluorine (F.sub.2) is preferably present in a high concentration, e.g. in a concentration of elemental fluorine (F.sub.2), especially of equal to much higher than 15% or even 20% by volume (i.e., at least 15% or even 20% by volume), and to a process for the manufacture of a fluorinated benzene starting from benzoic acid by direct fluorination employing a fluorination gas. The elemental fluorine (F.sub.2) is preferably present in high concentration, and subsequent decarboxylation of the benzoic acid hypofluorite obtained by direct fluorination. The process of the invention is also directed to the manufacture of benzoic acid hypofluorite by direct fluorination of benzoic acid. Especially the invention is of interest in the preparation of fluorinatedbenzene, final products and as well intermediates, for usage in agro-, pharma-, electronics-, catalyst, solvent and other functional chemical applications.

An improved microreactor for use in microscopy, use of said microreactor, and a microscope comprising said reactor. The present invention is in the field of microscopy, specifically in the field of electron and focused ion beam microscopy (EM and FIB), and in particular Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). However its application is extendable in principle to any field of microscopy, especially wherein characteristics of a (solid) specimen (or sample) are studied in detail, such as during a reaction.

The flow passage structure comprises: a plural number of ceramic flow passage layers laminated with one another, inside of which a flow passage is formed; two outermost layers disposed on respective sides of the plural number of flow passage layers in a lamination direction where the flow passage layers are laminated; an outer elastic sheets made of an elastic body, which is interposed between each of the outermost layers and the flow passage layer adjacent thereto; and a fastening member fastening the two outermost layers to each other, in a state that the two outermost layers sandwich the flow passage layers from both sides in the lamination direction.

The present invention relates to a ceramic microfluidic reactor and a manufacturing method therefor. The ceramic microfluidic reactor of the present invention comprises a microfluidic channel for enabling the accommodation and movement of microfluids and may be formed of a ceramic material. According to the present invention, the ceramic microfluidic reactor is formed of a ceramic material, and thus can have high strength, hardness, and toughness unique to ceramic. Therefore, the ceramic microfluidic reactor is stable against high temperatures and high pressures and can have improved stability in terms of chemical resistance.

The present disclosure relates to a method of synthesizing metal nanoparticles, where the method includes mixing a metal precursor with a stabilizing ligand in a first zone of a first fluidic device to form a first mixture and mixing the first mixture with a reductant in a second zone of the first fluidic device to form a second mixture, such that the metal nanoparticles form in the second zone.

An apparatus includes a substrate having a recess and a multitude of particles arranged in the recess. A first portion of the particles is joined to a porous structure by means of a coating. A second portion of the particles is not joined by means of the coating. The first portion of the particles is arranged closer to an opening of the recess than the second portion of the particles so that a leaking of the second portion of the particles from the recess through the opening is prevented.

A microfluidic device for performing physical, chemical or biological treatment to at least one packet without contamination.

An apparatus includes a substrate having a recess and a multitude of particles arranged in the recess. A first portion of the particles is joined to a porous structure by means of a coating. A second portion of the particles is not joined by means of the coating. The first portion of the particles is arranged closer to an opening of the recess than the second portion of the particles so that a leaking of the second portion of the particles from the recess through the opening is prevented.