The present invention relates to a reactor having a multilayer structure, wherein the different layers are structured in a particular manner, in preferred embodiments comprising square openings to enable an improved heat transport during catalytic reactions. Furthermore, the present invention relates to multi-reactor structures, methods for providing the reactors and multi-reactor structures, as well as uses and applications.

This invention relates to an apparatus, comprising: a plurality of plates in a stack defining at least one process layer and at least one heat exchange layer, each plate having a peripheral edge, the peripheral edge of each plate being welded to the peripheral edge of the next adjacent plate to provide a perimeter seal for the stack, the ratio of the average surface area of each of the adjacent plates to the average penetration of the weld between the adjacent plates being at least about 100 cm.sup.2/mm. The stack may be used as the core assembly for a microchannel processor. The microchannel processor may be used for conducting one or more unit operations, including chemical reactions such as SMR reactions.

Fluidic systems, modules, and associated methods are generally described. In some embodiments, a fluidic system comprises a module which is configured such that fluid may flow therethrough with a relatively uniform time-averaged linear flow rate (i.e., the time-averaged flow rate that is perpendicular to the transverse cross-sectional area) and/or time-averaged flux across the transverse cross-sectional area of the module. Advantageously, such modules may behave in a way such that the time-averaged linear flow rate and/or time-averaged flux exhibits minimal or no dependence on the transverse cross-sectional area thereof. This may allow for modules to be scaled-up in a relatively facile manner by merely increasing the transverse cross-sectional area, which may eliminate or substantially reduce the need for other components of the module to be redesigned upon scale-up. In some embodiments, modules may be scaled-up in a manner that requires no or minimal chemical process adjustments.

Apparatuses and methods are described herein for processing polynucleotides in a sealed path environment. The apparatuses include optical sensors to monitor operations and to track material usage for good manufacturing practice.

The present disclosure is directed towards improved systems and methods for large-scale production of nanoparticles used for delivery of therapeutic material. The apparatus can be used to manufacture a wide array of nanoparticles containing therapeutic material including, but not limited to, lipid nanoparticles and polymer nanoparticles. In certain embodiments, continuous flow operation and parallelization of microfluidic mixers contribute to increased nanoparticle production volume.