The present disclosure relates to hydrocarbon emission control systems. More specifically, the present disclosure relates to substrates coated with hydrocarbon adsorptive coating compositions and evaporative emission control systems for controlling evaporative emissions of hydrocarbons from motor vehicle engines and fuel systems. The hydrocarbon adsorptive coating compositions include particulate carbon having a BET surface area of at least about 1300 m.sup.2/g, and at least one of (i) a butane affinity of greater than 60% at 5% butane; (ii) a butane affinity of greater than 35% at 0.5% butane; (iii) a micropore volume greater than about 0.2 ml/g and a mesopore volume greater than about 0.5 ml/g.

The present disclosure relates to molecularly imprinted polymers that target cannabinoid(s), including THC and CBD, as well as methods of making molecularly imprinted polymers that target cannabinoid(s), including THC and CBD and uses thereof.

Disclosed are water-absorbent resin particles having a gel outflow test force measured by the following method of 5 to 14 N. The measuring method for gel outflow test force includes: producing a swollen gel by allowing the water-absorbent resin particles to absorb 29 times as amount of physiological saline as the water-absorbent resin particles under stirring; evenly putting 20 g of the swollen gel in a cylinder with an inner diameter of 5 cm and having a hole with a diameter of 5 mm at a bottom part, compressing the swollen gel in the cylinder at a rate of 10 mm/min with a jig with a diameter of 4.9 cm, thereby recording a test force at a time point when a part of the swollen gel flows out from the hole at the bottom part of the cylinder, as the gel outflow test force.

The present disclosure relates to hydrocarbon emission control systems. More specifically, the present disclosure relates to substrates coated with hydrocarbon adsorptive coating compositions and evaporative emission control systems for controlling evaporative emissions of hydrocarbons from motor vehicle engines and fuel systems.

Superabsorbent polymer material comprising cross-linked polyacrylic acid and salts thereof. The superabsorbent polymer material further comprising at least 3.0 weight-%, based on the total weight of the superabsorbent polymer material, of soluble polyacrylic acid polymers. A method for making such superabsorbent polymer materials is also disclosed.

Water-absorbent resin particles in which a gel outflow proportion is 0% to 20% are disclosed. The gel outflow proportion is measured by a method including: measuring a mass W (g) of 20 g of a swollen gel flowed out from a through hole of a disc while the swollen gel is compressed by a weight of 2000 g for 30 seconds, where the swollen gel is formed by allowing the water-absorbent resin particles to absorb physiological saline; and calculating the gel outflow proportion (%) by the following formula.

Gel outflow proportion (%)=(W/20)×100

A formulation is described containing organic and non-organic ingredients that readily convert human, animal and bird excreta and/or biohazard into biodegradable and/or non-biodegradable gel or granules. Formulation comprises organic and/or inorganic ingredients, absorbent, biocide, binder, fragrance additive, anthelmintic, antiprotozoal, and bacterial culture. Formulation can be deployed in various forms or modes that may be placed in receptacles.

A TPC—OTBS n-hexane solution is added to a mixture of TPC—OSO.sub.2F, DMF, and DBU and allowed to stand to produce a crosslinked solvent gel; the crosslinked solvent gel is added to methanol, stirred, and dried to produce the porous crosslinked material. The gel acquired can be prepared into a pore-rich solid porous organic polymer material by means of solvent exchange. SEM and TEM are used to characterize the surface and internal morphologies of the solid material, and the porous morphology thereof is discovered, with large pores being the majority. Infrared and nuclear magnetic resonance are used to characterize the structure of a crosslinked polysulfate; the complete reaction of a sulfuryl fluoride group is proven by means of solid-state fluorine nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and XPS element analysis; and the porous structure of the crosslinked polysulfate allows same to be provided with improved application prospect in terms of adsorption.

A melamine-formaldehyde derived porous carbon adsorbent may be prepared from melamine-formaldehyde derived porous carbon disposable products. The melamine-formaldehyde derived porous carbon effectively removes organic pollutants from aqueous media. Parameters of contact time, solution pH, initial adsorbate concentration and desorption rate affect efficacy. Adsorption capacities of exemplary melamine-formaldehyde derived porous carbon for MG and MB dyes at 298 K were up to 25 mg/g and 35 mg/g, respectively.

An evaluation method capable of evaluating whether or not waste plastic-derived porous carbon can be applied on an industrial scale, according to the present disclosure, may include the steps of evaluating CO.sub.2 capture performance using a 5-step temperature vacuum swing adsorption (TVSA) process, assessing economic feasibility in an industry using a techno-economic assessment (TEA) method, and quantifying environmental impacts of the porous carbon production pathway and global warming potential (GWP) using cradle-to-gate life-cycle assessment (LCA).

A method for manufacturing porous carbon, according to the present disclosure, may include the steps of carbonizing a polyethylene terephthalate plastic, activating the carbonized plastic with CO.sub.2, and performing cooling.