A method of making an anti-Markovnikov addition product, comprises reacting an acid with an alkene or alkyne in a dual catalyst reaction system to the exclusion of oxygen to produce said anti-Markovnikov addition product; the dual catalyst reaction system comprising a single electron oxidation catalyst in combination with a hydrogen atom donor catalyst. Dual catalyst composition useful for carrying out such methods are also described.

Synthetic methods are described herein operable to efficiently produce a wide variety of molecular species through conjugate additions via decarboxylative mechanisms. For example, methods of functionalization of peptide residues are described, including selective functionalization of peptide C-terminal residues. In one aspect, a method of peptide functionalization comprises providing a reaction mixture including a Michael acceptor and a peptide and coupling the Michael acceptor with the peptide via a mechanism including decarboxylation of a peptide reside.

The present invention deals with the synthesis and applications of new cationic compounds being useful as metal ligands. Specifically, N-alkyl/aryl substituted pyridiniophosphines are prepared and used as ligands for transition metals. The so-obtained metal complexes and their use as catalysts in chemical synthesis is also described. It also worth mentioning that N-alkyl/aryl pyridiniophosphines can be synthesized through a short, scalable and highly modular route.

The present invention is directed to a process for making Substituted Quinazoline Compounds of formula (I): which are useful for the treatment and prophylaxis of HCMV infection. The present invention is also directed to compounds that are useful as synthetic intermediates for making the compounds of formula (I). ##STR00001##

Novel compounds including trimeric copper catalysts and intermediates for making such compounds are presented along with methods for preparing and using those compounds.

The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of a compound of formula (I) wherein A.sub.1 and A.sub.2 are CH, or one of A.sub.1 and A.sub.2 is CH and the other is N; R.sub.1 is C.sub.1-C.sub.4alkyl, C.sub.1-C.sub.4haloalkyl or C.sub.3-C.sub.6cycloalkyl; each R.sub.2 is independently bromo, chloro, fluoro or trifluoromethyl; R.sub.3 is hydrogen; R.sub.4 is hydrogen, halogen, methyl, halomethyl or cyano; or R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 together form a bridging 1,3-butadiene group; R.sub.5 is chlorodifluoromethyl or trifluoromethyl; n is 2 or 3; by reacting a compound of formula (II) wherein A.sub.1, A.sub.2, R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3, R.sub.4, R.sub.5 and n is as defined under formula (I) above, with hydroxylamine, a base and a chiral catalyst, characterized in that the chiral catalyst is a dimeric chiral catalyst of formula (III) wherein R.sub.6, R.sub.7, R.sub.8, R.sub.9, R.sub.10 and X are as defined in claim 1. ##STR00001##

A process of converting a carbon-carbon multiple bond to a cyclopropane ring, comprising the addition of a N-alkyl-N-nitroso compound to a mixture of alkene precursor, aqueous base and Pd(II)-catalyst, with the N-alkyl-N-nitroso compound obtained directly from an alkyl amine derivative, NaNO.sub.2 and an acid via phase separation of the N-alkyl-N-nitroso compound from the aqueous phase.

Novel transition metal complexes are provided which represent viable catalysts for a broad variety of reactions such as hydrogenation reactions and metathesis reactions. Novel preparation processes are made available via unprecedented routes inter alia not involving structures according to Grubbs I or Grubbs II catalysts.

The present disclosure provides Titanium (IV) compounds and methods of making heterocyclic compounds such as pyrroles using Titanium (IV) compounds. In certain embodiments, the Titanium (IV) compound is present in catalytic amounts.

In one embodiment, the present application discloses mixtures comprising (a) water in an amount of at least 1% wt/wt of the mixture; (b) a transition metal catalyst; and (c) one or more solubilizing agents; and methods for using such mixtures for performing transition metal mediated bond formation reactions.