The present invention relates to a catalytic composition comprising at least 7 different elements selected from the group consisting of the elements defined by the intersection of the second to the sixth period and the first to the sixteenth group of the periodic table of the elements, whereby technetium is excluded, and a matrix component. A method for use of the catalytic composition is also provided.

A nitrous oxide (N.sub.2O) removal catalyst composite is provided, comprising a N.sub.2O removal catalytic material on a substrate, the catalytic material comprising a rhodium (Rh) component supported on a ceria-based support, wherein the catalyst composite has a H.sub.2-consumption peak of about 100 C. or less as measured by hydrogen temperature-programmed reduction (H.sub.2-TPR). Methods of making and using the same are also provided.

A nitrous oxide (N.sub.2O) removal catalyst composite is provided, comprising a N.sub.2O removal catalytic material on a substrate, the catalytic material comprising a rhodium (Rh) component supported on a ceria-based support, wherein the catalyst composite has a H.sub.2-consumption peak of about 100 C. or less as measured by hydrogen temperature-programmed reduction (H.sub.2-TPR). Methods of making and using the same are also provided.

A nitrous oxide (N.sub.2O) removal catalyst composite is provided, comprising a N.sub.2O removal catalytic material on a substrate, the catalytic material comprising a rhodium (Rh) component supported on a ceria-based support, wherein the catalyst composite has a H.sub.2-consumption peak of about 100 C. or less as measured by hydrogen temperature-programmed reduction (H.sub.2-TPR). Methods of making and using the same are also provided.

A nitrous oxide (N.sub.2O) removal catalyst composite is provided, comprising a N.sub.2O removal catalytic material on a substrate, the catalytic material comprising a rhodium (Rh) component supported on a ceria-based support, wherein the catalyst composite has a H.sub.2-consumption peak of about 100 C. or less as measured by hydrogen temperature-programmed reduction (H.sub.2-TPR). Methods of making and using the same are also provided.

A mixed oxide catalyst for the oxidative coupling of methane can include a catalyst with the formula A.sub.aB.sub.bC.sub.cD.sub.dO.sub.x, wherein: element A is selected from alkaline earth metals; elements B and C are selected from rare earth metals, and wherein elements B and C are different rare earth metals; the oxide of at least one of A, B, C, and D has basic properties; the oxide of at least one of A, B, C, and D has redox properties; and elements A, B, C, and D are selected to create a synergistic effect whereby the catalytic material provides a methane conversion of greater than or equal to 15% and a C.sub.2.sup.+ selectivity of greater than or equal to 70%. Systems and methods can include contacting the catalyst with methane and oxygen and purifying or collecting C.sub.2.sup.| products.

A mixed oxide catalyst for the oxidative coupling of methane can include a catalyst with the formula A.sub.aB.sub.bC.sub.cD.sub.dO.sub.x, wherein: element A is selected from alkaline earth metals; elements B and C are selected from rare earth metals, and wherein elements B and C are different rare earth metals; the oxide of at least one of A, B, C, and D has basic properties; the oxide of at least one of A, B, C, and D has redox properties; and elements A, B, C, and D are selected to create a synergistic effect whereby the catalytic material provides a methane conversion of greater than or equal to 15% and a C.sub.2.sup.+ selectivity of greater than or equal to 70%. Systems and methods can include contacting the catalyst with methane and oxygen and purifying or collecting C.sub.2.sup.| products.

A composition for catalysis of a Haber-Bosch process to produce ammonia; a process employing the composition and an anion vacant lattice for use in the process.

The composition comprises an anion vacant lattice and a Haber-Bosch catalyst (e.g. Fe or Ru). Suitable anion vacant lattices include oxynitrides and oxides, which may be doped or undoped, including

Ce.sub.aM.sub.bO.sub.2-xN.sub.y(Formula III)

M is one or more elements with a valence lower than 4. a and b are independently in the range 0.05 to 0.95, with the proviso that a and b together sum to 1 (approximately). X is greater than 0 and less than 2. Y is greater than zero and less than or equal to X.

A composition for catalysis of a Haber-Bosch process to produce ammonia; a process employing the composition and an anion vacant lattice for use in the process.

The composition comprises an anion vacant lattice and a Haber-Bosch catalyst (e.g. Fe or Ru). Suitable anion vacant lattices include oxynitrides and oxides, which may be doped or undoped, including

Ce.sub.aM.sub.bO.sub.2-xN.sub.y(Formula III)

M is one or more elements with a valence lower than 4. a and b are independently in the range 0.05 to 0.95, with the proviso that a and b together sum to 1 (approximately). X is greater than 0 and less than 2. Y is greater than zero and less than or equal to X.

A NO.sub.x adsorber catalyst composition, a NO.sub.x adsorber catalyst and its use in an emission treatment system for internal combustion engines, is disclosed. The NO.sub.x adsorber catalyst composition a support material and one or more platinum group metals disposed on the support material, wherein the support material comprises a mixed dopant NO.sub.x storage enhancer.