A method for producing a lithium-containing oxide comprising one or more metal elements, which can be used as an active material for an electrode, for example a positive electrode for a lithium battery, the method comprising the following successive steps: a) a step of bringing at least one coordination polymer into contact with a lithium source, the coordination polymer comprising the other metal element(s) interconnected by organic ligands; b) a step of calcining the mixture resulting from step a).

The present invention relates to methods for producing a guest@nanoporous-host materials, and guest@nanoporous-host materials produced according to these methods. Methods according to the invention comprise steps of infiltrating a nanoporous host material with one or more reagents and a target guest precursor in a reaction environment such that a reaction occurs to form the target guest species within the pores of the nanoporous host material. The reagents comprise either a redox reagent and/or a pH modulator. By analysis of appropriate electrochemical potential-pH diagrams and careful selection of suitable reagents and control of process conditions to produce desired target guest particles from selected target guest precursors, the synthesis strategy to form the guests can be more flexible and versatile than known methods, because typically milder reaction conditions can be used than in such known methods.

Disclosed are highly active cationic cobalt phosphine complexes, both mono- and bimetallic, that can catalyze hydroformylation reactions. The disclosed catalysts can be utilized in methods that provide reaction processes that are hundreds of times faster than high pressure HCo(CO).sub.4 or phosphine-modified HCo(CO).sub.3(PR.sub.3) catalysts and operate at considerably lower pressures and temperatures. Also disclosed are methods of hydroformylation using the described transition metal complexes. This abstract is intended as a scanning tool for purposes of searching in the particular art and is not intended to be limiting of the present disclosure.

Provided herein are metal-organic frameworks having a repeating core structure that generally includes a linker coordinated to a secondary building unit through O-metal-O bonds. The linkers create a framework with a plurality of pores, where a cobalt carbonyl moiety occupies at least a portion of the plurality of pores. Provided are also methods of making such metal-organic frameworks via a solvothermal reaction. The metal-organic frameworks are suitable for use in carbonylation reactions, such as carbonylation of epoxides. The metal-organic frameworks may be used for producing acrylic acid from ethylene oxide and carbon monoxide on an industrial scale. The production may involve various unit operations, including for example a beta-propiolactone production system configured to produce beta-propiolactone from ethylene oxide and carbon monoxide; a polypropiolactone production system configured to produce polypropiolactone from beta-propiolactone; and an acrylic acid production system configured to produce acrylic acid with a high purity by thermolysis of polypropiolactone.

A transition metal-based heterogeneous carbonylation reaction catalyst has an excellent catalytic activity and selectivity in the carbonylation reaction and is easily separated from a product, by crosslinking polymerizing a transition metal-based homogeneous catalyst unit through a Friedel-Craft reaction. The catalyst may be used in a method for preparing lactone. The transition metal-based heterogeneous carbonylation reaction catalyst allows to produce lactone or succinic anhydride with an epoxide compound while showing a high selectivity, and can be applied in industrial very usefully due to easy separation from the product and thus reusing thereof.

The present invention relates to a transition metal-based heterogeneous carbonylation reaction catalyst that has an excellent catalytic activity and selectivity in the carbonylation reaction and is easily separated from a product, by crosslinking polymerizing a transition metal-based homogeneous catalyst unit through a Friedel-Craft reaction; and a method for preparing lactone using the same. The transition metal-based heterogeneous carbonylation reaction catalyst allows to produce lactone or succinic anhydride with an epoxide compound while showing a high selectivity, and can be applied in industrial very usefully due to easy separation from the product and thus reusing thereof.

In some embodiments, the present disclosure pertains to a method of forming metalorganic frameworks. In some embodiments, the method includes exposing a plurality of zerooxidation state metal atoms to an oxidizing agent. In some embodiments, the exposing facilitates oxidation of the plurality of zero-oxidation state metal atoms to a plurality of metallic ions. In some embodiments, the plurality of metallic ions react with a plurality of ligands to form the metal-organic frameworks. In some embodiments, the formed metal-organic frameworks comprise one or more metals and one or more ligands coordinated with the one or more metals.

Provided is a carbon dioxide reduction composite catalyst, comprising an organic-inorganic porous body, and a molecular reduction catalyst combined with the organic-inorganic porous body, wherein the organic-inorganic porous body includes metal oxide clusters, and a light-condensing organic material as linkers between the metal oxide clusters, and the linkers absorb visible light to form excitons, and move the excitons through energy transfer between the linkers to transfer the electrons of the excitons to the molecular reduction catalyst.

The present invention relates to single thread composite fibers comprising at least one binder and at least one active catalyst for the capture and degradation of chemical threats such as chemical warfare agents (CWA), biological warfare agents, and toxic industrial chemicals (TIC) and a method for producing the same. The invention fibers are applicable to the fields of protective garments, filtration materials, and decontamination materials.

The present invention relates to a metal-organic framework composition, as well as constructs and methods thereof. In one particular example, the composition is employed to degrade a chemical agent in a non-aqueous environment.