Provided herein are palladium complexes comprising a ligand of Formula (A′) and a ligand of Formula (B), wherein R.sup.1-R.sup.18 are as defined herein. The palladium complexes are useful in methods of fluorinating aryl and heteroaryl substrates. Further provided are compositions and kits comprising the palladium complexes. ##STR00001##

This present invention relates to a catalyst composition for a production process of δ-lactone from carbon dioxide and 1,3-butadiene that can efficiently catalyze the synthesis reaction of δ-lactone with good selectivity of δ-lactone, wherein said catalyst composition comprising: a) palladium metal complexes as shown in structure (I) [Formula should be inserted here] wherein, R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 independently represents a group selected from a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, an amine group, or optionally an alkenyl group, an alkynyl group, a phenyl group, a benzyl group, or a cyclic hydrocarbon group comprising a hetero atom; and b) phosphorus compound selected from a phosphine group having a general formula [Formula should be inserted here], wherein R.sup.5 is selected from an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, or an aryl group. ##STR00001##

An organic light emitting material, a preparation method thereof, and an organic light emitting device are provided. The organic light emitting material includes oxadiazole-p-benzodioxazoles. The oxadiazole-p-benzodioxazoles has a large π-conjugated system, that is, it has good planarity and strong visible π-π* absorption. Also, it has high fluorescence quantum yield. Therefore, the oxadiazole-p-benzodioxazoles with a large π-conjugated system has a high-efficiency electron transport property, and it has a high-efficiency electron-withdrawing group to increase electron transport efficiency and improves its luminous efficiency.

The present invention provides a novel process for preparing a diastereomeric mixture of the phenicol of Formula (1), its use for the treatment of bacterial infections in animals, and veterinary compositions containing the Formula (1) compound, diastereomers thereof, and veterinary acceptable salts thereof.

##STR00001##

An organometallic complex catalyst is disclosed for use in a cross-coupling reaction. In formula (1), M is the coordination center and represents a metal atom such as Pd or an ion thereof. R.sup.1, R.sup.2, and R.sup.3 may be the same or different and are a substituent such as a hydrogen atom. R.sup.4, R.sup.5, R.sup.6, and R.sup.7 may be the same or different and are a substituent such as a hydrogen atom. X represents a halogen atom. R.sup.8 represents a substituent that has a n bond and 3-20 carbon atoms. With regard to the electron-donating properties of R.sup.1-R.sup.7 with respect to the coordination center M of the ligand containing R.sup.1-R.sup.7 that is indicated in formula (2), R.sup.1-R.sup.7 are arranged in combination such that the TEP value obtained from infrared spectroscopy shifts toward the high frequency side compared to the TEP value of the ligand of formula (2-1).

##STR00001##

The present invention discloses multi-arm monomolecular white light-emitting materials, preparation method and application thereof. Benzene ring is used as a core, and penta-substituted pyrene and an electron-withdrawing group or an group electron-donating group Ar are used as arms to prepare the multi-arm monomolecular white light-emitting materials; wherein Ar is one of the electron-withdrawing groups such as nitro, cyano, tertiary amine cation, trifluoromethyl, trichloromethyl, sulfonic acid group, formyl, acyl, carboxyl, methoxy, pyridyl, diphenyl sulfone, triazinyl and anthracenedione; or one of the electron-donating groups such as pyrenyl, 9-carbazolyl, 2-thienyl, diphenylamino, tert-butyl diphenylamino, 9-phenoxazinyl, acridinyl, spiro-bifluorenyl, spirofluorenyl acridinyl, alkylamino, dialkylamino, amino and hydroxyl. The present invention simply combines a synthesis method to prepare multi-arm monomolecular white light-emitting materials with novel structure, high fluorescence quantum efficiency, excellent spectrum stability and electroluminescence performance and high color purity, and achieves the preparation of a highly efficient and spectrally stable electroluminescent devices with high color rendering index.

An in-situ method for making a conjugated diene from an allyl alcohol comprising the conversion of the allyl alcohol to an allyl carbonate, allyl ester or allyl formate with concomitant or subsequent conversion of the allyl carbonate, allyl ester or allyl formate to the conjugated diene; the products obtained by said method, and the uses of said products.

An organometallic complex catalyst is disclosed for use in a cross-coupling reaction. In formula (1), M is the coordination center and represents a metal atom such as Pd or an ion thereof. R.sup.1, R.sup.2, and R.sup.3 may be the same or different and are a substituent such as a hydrogen atom. R.sup.4, R.sup.5, R.sup.6, and R.sup.7 may be the same or different and are a substituent such as a hydrogen atom. X represents a halogen atom. R.sup.8 represents a substituent that has a π bond and 3-20 carbon atoms. With regard to the electron-donating properties of R.sup.1-R.sup.7 with respect to the coordination center M of the ligand containing R.sup.1-R.sup.7 that is indicated in formula (2), R.sup.1-R.sup.7 are arranged in combination such that the TEP value obtained from infrared spectroscopy shifts toward the high frequency side compared to the TEP value of the ligand of formula (2-1). ##STR00001##

Catalyst compositions are prepared by contacting a palladium source and 1,3,5,7-tetramethyl-6-(2,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-2,4,8-trioxa-6-phosphaadamantane and a methoxyocta-diene compound, in a primary aliphatic alcohol, under suitable conditions including a ratio of equivalents of palladium to equivalents of 1,3,5,7-tetramethyl-6-(2,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-2,4,8-trioxa-6-phosphaadamantane ranging from greater than 1:1 to 1:1.3. The result is a complex of palladium, a 1,3,5,7-tetramethyl-6-(2,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-2,4,8-trioxa-6-phosphaada-mantane ligand, and a ligand selected from a methoxyoctadiene ligand, an octadienyl ligand, or a protonated octadienyl. Such complexes may, in solution, exhibit surprising solubility and storage stability and are useful in the telomerization of butadiene, which is a step in the production of 1-octene.

An oxidative homocoupling method of synthesizing certain 2,2′-bithiophenes from thiophenes using oxygen as the terminal oxidant is disclosed. In non-limiting examples, the method uses oxygen along with a catalytic system that includes palladium, an assistive ligand, and a non-palladium metal additive to catalyze one of the following reactions: ##STR00001## Associated catalytic systems and compositions are also disclosed.