A composition, method, and article of manufacture are disclosed. The composition is a microcapsule that includes a transparent shell encapsulating a mixture comprising light upconversion molecules. The method is a method of forming a microcapsule, which includes obtaining light upconversion molecules, forming an emulsion of the light upconversion molecules and a shell formation solution, and encapsulating the light upconversion molecules in a transparent shell. The article of manufacture comprises the microcapsule.

A composition, method, and article of manufacture are disclosed. The composition includes a silica particle with light upconversion molecules bound to its surface. The method includes obtaining silica particles and light upconversion molecules having sidechains with reactive functional groups. The method further includes binding the light upconversion molecules to surfaces of the silica particles. The article of manufacture includes the composition.

A composition, method, and article of manufacture are disclosed. The composition and the article of manufacture include a silica particle and light upconversion molecules incorporated into the silica particle. The method includes obtaining sidechain-modified light upconversion molecules, and incorporating the sidechain-modified light upconversion molecules into a silica particle to form a light upconversion particle.

Use of transition metal complexes of the formula (I) in organic light-emitting diodes ##STR00001## where: M.sup.1 is a metal atom; carbene is a carbene ligand; L is a monoanionic or dianionic ligand; K is an uncharged monodentate or bidentate ligand selected from the group consisting of phosphines; CO; pyridines; nitriles and conjugated dienes which form a π complex with M.sup.1; n is the number of carbene ligands and is at least 1; m is the number of ligands L, where m can be 0 or ≧1; o is the number of ligands K, where o can be 0 or ≧1; where the sum n+m+o is dependent on the oxidation state and coordination number of the metal atom and on the denticity of the ligands carbene, L and K and also on the charge on the ligands carbene and L, with the proviso that n is at least 1, and also
an OLED comprising these transition metal complexes, a light-emitting layer comprising these transition metal complexes, OLEDs comprising this light-emitting layer, devices comprising an OLED according to the present invention, and specific transition metal complexes comprising at least two carbene ligands.

An organometallic complex catalyst that makes it possible to obtain a higher yield of a desired product than conventional catalysts in a cross-coupling reaction. The organometallic complex catalyst has a structure represented by formula (1) and is for use in a cross-coupling reaction. In formula (1), M is the coordination center and represents a metal atom such as Pd or an ion thereof. R1, R2, and R3 may be the same or different and are a substituent such as a hydrogen atom. R4, R5, R6, and R7 may be the same or different and are a substituent such as a hydrogen atom. X represents a halogen atom. R8 represents a substituent that has a π bond and 3-20 carbon atoms. With regard to the electron-donating properties of R1-R7 with respect to the coordination center M of the ligand containing R1-R7 that is indicated in formula (2), R1-R7 are arranged in combination such that the TEP value obtained from infrared spectroscopy shifts toward the low frequency side compared to the TEP value of the ligand of formula (2-1).

##STR00001##

N.sup.2-phosphinyl amidine compounds, N.sup.2-phosphinyl amidinates, N.sup.2-phosphinyl amidine metal salt complexes, N.sup.2-phosphinyl amidinate metal salt complexes are described. Methods for making N.sup.2-phosphinyl amidine compounds, N.sup.2-phosphinyl amidinates, N.sup.2-phosphinyl amidine metal salt complexes, and N.sup.2-phosphinyl amidinate metal salt complexes are also disclosed. Catalyst systems utilizing the N.sup.2-phosphinyl amidine metal salt complexes and N.sup.2-phosphinyl amidinate metal salt complexes are also disclosed along with the use of the N.sup.2-phosphinyl amidine compounds, N.sup.2-phosphinyl amidinates, N.sup.2-phosphinyl amidine metal salt complexes, and N.sup.2-phosphinyl amidinate metal salt complexes for the oligomerization and/or polymerization of olefins.

A process for cross-linking siloxane and organic polymers comprising reacting (a) a silyl hydride with (b) an unsaturated polymeric compound in the presence of (d) a platinum diene compound with a chelating dianionic ligand.

The invention relates to polyoxometalates represented by the formula (A.sub.n).sup.m+[M′M.sub.12O.sub.y(RCOO).sub.zH.sub.q].sup.m− or solvates thereof, corresponding supported polyoxometalates, and processes for their preparation, as well as corresponding metal clusters, optionally in the form of a dispersion in a liquid carrier medium or immobilized on a solid support, and processes for their preparation, as well as their use in reductive conversion of organic substrate.

Novel compositions and systems for closure of wounds are disclosed. The compositions provide devices of improved flexibility and elasticity and are readily applied to wound sites or over wound closure devices. The present invention is also directed to a novel platinum catalyst for use in such compositions. The catalyst provides for rapid curing on topical surfaces such as skin and bonds to such surfaces in about 2-5 minutes.

Novel compositions and systems for closure of wounds with antimicrobial effectiveness are disclosed. The compositions provide devices of improved flexibility and elasticity and are readily applied to wound sites or over wound closure devices. The present invention is also directed to a novel platinum catalyst for use in such compositions. The catalyst provides for rapid curing on topical surfaces such as skin and bonds to such surfaces in about 2-5 minutes.