A tetraanionic OCO pincer ligand metal-oxo-alkylidene complex is prepared from a trianionic pincer ligand supported metal-alkylidyne. The metal can be tungsten or other group 5-7 transition metal. The tetraanionic pincer ligand metal-oxo-alkylidene complex, a trianionic OCO pincer ligand metal complex, or a trianionic ONO pincer ligand metal complex can be used to polymerize cycloalkenes. The poly(cycloalkene)s are predominantly cis-alkene macrocyclics.

A ligand having the structure or its enantiomer; (I) wherein: each one of R.sub.a, R.sub.b, R.sub.c and R.sub.d is selected from alkyl, cycloalkyl, and aryl; the bridge group is selected from CH.sub.2NH; *CH(CH.sub.3)NH(C*,R); and the organocatalyst is an organic molecule catalyst covalently bound to the bridge group. Also, a catalyst having the structure or its enantiomer: (II) wherein: each one of R.sub.a, R.sub.b, R.sub.c and R.sub.d is selected from alkyl, cycloalkyl, and aryl; the bridge group is selected from CH.sub.2NH; *CH(CH.sub.3)NH(C*,R); and *CH(CH.sub.3)NH(C*,S); the organocatalyst is an organic molecule catalyst covalently bound to the bridge group; and M is selected from the group consisting of Rh, Pd, Cu, Ru, Ir, Ag, Au, Zn, Ni, Co, and Fe. ##STR00001##

A process for use of composite catalysts for oxidation of amines during synthesis of energetic compounds. This method overcomes the safety concerns associated with dangerous reaction conditions for these energetic materials. The process requires exposing phthalocyanine conjugated to an inorganic substrate to the precursor reactant and activating the composite material to light and oxygen to covert amine groups into oxidized nitrogen species.

The present invention relates to air stable, binary Ni(0)-olefin complexes and their use in organic synthesis.

The present invention relates to an oligomerization catalyst including a transition metal or transition metal precursor, a halogen-substituted organic ligand, and a heteroatom ligand, and to a method for selectively preparing 1-hexene or 1-octene from ethylene using the catalyst.

A method of using homogenous rhodium catalysts comprising N-heterocyclic carbene ligands for the hydroformylation of olefins and substituted olefins is provided. In some aspects, the methods provided herein relate to the hydroformylation of allyl alcohol to 4-hydroxybutaldehyde in the presence of a rhodium catalyst which contains one or more N-heterocyclic carbene ligands of the formula: ##STR00001##
wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3, and R.sub.4 are defined herein.

The present invention discloses a diphenylamine-linked chiral bis(oxazoline) ligand without C.sub.2-symmetry of formula 3 and its synthesis method and application in an asymmetric catalytic reaction, wherein C.sub.2-symmetry is lost by introducing different groups into the diphenylamine backbone to realize precise control of “electronic effect” of the ligand backbone. An anthranilic acid derivative and an orthochlorobenzoic acid derivative are used as starting materials to prepare a compound of formula 1, and then the compound of formula 1 is reacted with a chiral amino alcohol compound to prepare a β-bishydroxy amide compound of formula 2, and the compound of formula 2 is further subjected to condensation to obtain the diphenylamine-linked chiral bis(oxazoline) ligand without C.sub.2-symmetry of formula 3. The present invention also provides an application of a catalyst formed by coordination of the diphenylamine-linked chiral bis(oxazoline) ligand without C.sub.2-symmetry with copper salt, zinc salt, nickel salt, iron salt or rhodium salt, in an asymmetric catalytic reaction.

##STR00001##

The present invention may provide an asymmetric hydrogenation catalyst capable of resolving enantiomers with excellent enantioselectivity from a carbon-carbon double bond-containing compound. The catalyst according to one embodiment of the present invention includes: an iridium cation; and a ligand bonded to the iridium cation.

The invention relates to oligomerization of olefins, such as ethylene, to higher olefins, such as a mixture of 1-hexene and 1-octene, using a catalyst system that comprises a) a source of chromium b) one or more activators and c) a phosphacycle-containing ligating compound. Additionally, the invention relates to a phosphacycle-containing ligating compound and a process for making said compound.

Catalyst systems suitable for tetramerizing ethylene to form 1-octene may include a catalyst having a structure according to Formula (VI) or Formula (VII). In Formulas (VI) and (VII), X is a halogen, a (C.sub.2-C.sub.30) carboxylate, acetylacetonate, or a (C.sub.1-C.sub.30) hydrocarbyl; L.sub.1 is a neutral coordinating ligand; n is an integer from 0 to 6; Y is a (C.sub.6-C.sub.20)fluorine-substituted aryl, a (C.sub.6-C.sub.20)fluorine-substituted aryloxy, or a (C.sub.1-C.sub.20)fluorine-substituted alkoxy; and L∩L is a bidentate chelating ligand. The catalyst system may also include an aluminum containing agent which includes a reaction product of an organoaluminum compound and an antifouling compound. The antifouling compound may include one or more quaternary salts.