A microfluidic reaction chamber with a reaction chamber circuit includes a microfluidic reaction chamber to contain a reaction fluid for amplification of nucleic acids, and a reaction chamber circuit disposed within the microfluidic reaction chamber. The microfluidic reaction chamber includes a base wall, a top wall parallel to the base wall and defined in part by a transparent lid, a first side wall, and a second side wall. The reaction chamber circuit is disposed within the microfluidic reaction chamber, and includes a top surface, a bottom surface, a first side wall, and a second side wall. The reaction chamber circuit is in fluidic contact with the reaction fluid and includes a photodetector to detect a fluorescence signal from a labeled fluorescent tag in the reaction fluid.

In example implementations, an apparatus is provided. The apparatus includes a channel, an opening in the channel, and a heating element aligned with the opening on opposite sides of the channel. The channel contains a droplet of a first liquid containing a particle, wherein the droplet is carried within a second liquid in the channel. The heating element is to heat the first liquid to generate a vapor in the first liquid to eject the droplet of the first liquid through the opening.

The invention is directed to apparatus and methods for delivering multiple reagents to, and monitoring, a plurality of analytical reactions carried out on a large-scale array of electronic sensors under minimal noise conditions. In one aspect, the invention provides method of improving signal-to-noise ratios of output signals from the electronic sensors sensing analytes or reaction byproducts by subtracting an average of output signals measured from neighboring sensors where analyte or reaction byproducts are absent. In other aspects, the invention provides an array of electronic sensors integrated with a microwell array for confining analytes and/or particles for analytical reactions and a method for identifying microwells containing analytes and/or particles by passing a sensor-active reagent over the array and correlating sensor response times to the presence or absence of analytes or particles. Such detection of analyte- or particle-containing microwells may be used as a step in additional noise reduction methods.

The invention relates to a process and a device for analysing single molecules, particularly to the parallel analysis of a plurality of single molecules. It is suitable for detecting interactions, e.g. binding between single molecules and/or reactions, e.g. elongation or degradation of single molecules. Particularly, the process of the invention relates to the sequencing of single nucleic acid molecules. The single molecule to be analysed is present in free form, i.e. dissolved or suspended in a liquid medium, within a reaction space formed around the sample spot. According to the present invention, an electrical field is applied across the reaction space, whereby a concentration of single molecules, at the sample spots is effected.

The present invention is in the field of microfluidic devices produced with silicon technology wherein at least one 3D microenvironment is present, a method of producing said device using silicon based technology, and a use of said device in various applications, typically a biological cell experiment, such as a cell or organ on a chip experiment, and use o the device as a microreactor.

An apparatus and method for performing analysis and identification of molecules have been presented. In one embodiment, a portable molecule analyzer includes a sample input/output connection to receive a sample, a nanopore-based sequencing chip to perform analysis on the sample substantially in real-time, and an output interface to output result of the analysis.

Biosensors are provided for the detection of pathogens such as viruses. The sensors can includes a substrate, and a film disposed on the substrate. The film can include an electrically-conducting polymer, and an aromatic dialdehyde such as terephthaldehyde. The sensors experience a fast and repeatable decrease in electrical conductivity in the presence of certain pathogens, including the SARS-Cov-2 pseudo virus.

A drug screening platform simulating hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy including a dielectrophoresis system, a microfluidic chip and a heating system is disclosed. The dielectrophoresis system is used to provide a dielectrophoresis force. The microfluidic chip includes a cell culture array and observation module and a drug mixing module. The cell culture array and observation module are used to arrange the cells into a three-dimensional structure through the dielectrophoresis force to construct a three-dimensional tumor microenvironment. The drug mixing module is coupled to the cell culture array and observation module and used to automatically split and mix the inputted drugs and output the drug combinations into the cell culture array and observation module. The heating system is used for real-time temperature sensing and heating control of the drug combinations on the microfluidic chip to simulate high-temperature drug environment when performing hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy on the three-dimensional tumor microenvironment.

Electroacoustic device (5) for generating at least one acoustic wave (Fv,Vx), the device comprising a piezoelectric substrate (10) and first (15) and second (20) groups of electrodes (60,65,70,75) arranged on the substrate, each electrode of the first and second groups comprising a track (80.sub.a-f,85.sub.a-f,90.sub.a-d,95.sub.a-d), the tracks (90.sub.a-d,95.sub.a-d) of the electrodes of the first group spiralling around a same spiral axis (Z) along a first winding direction (W.sub.1), and the tracks (80.sub.a-f,85.sub.a-f) of the electrodes of the second group spiralling around said spiral axis along a second winding direction (W.sub.2) opposite to the first winding direction.

Described herein are apparatuses and methods for the processing and/or measurements of chemical or biochemical samples on a digital microfluidic device. Also described are methods to configure and operate the modules for efficient processing and measurements of the samples on the device. The apparatus can be used in applications such as DNA/RNA/protein/cell concentration/purification, real-time PCR, isothermal amplification, immunoassay, cell-based assay, library preparation for NGS sequencing, etc.